Nutrient inputs through submarine groundwater discharge in an embayment: A radon investigation in Daya Bay, China

Wang, Xuejing; Li, Hailong; Yang, Jinzhong; Chen, Kewei; Zhang, Yan; An, An; Zhang, Meng; Xiao, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.02.036

Cited by 55 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In this study, we observed that the N/P ratios in the groundwater around the Maowei Sea were high (mean: 64; Table 5). This phenomenon has also been observed in other bay systems, including ratios of 43 observed in Daya Bay (China), 78 in Hampyeong Bay (Korea), 134 in Bangdu Bay (Korea), and 191 in Xiangshan Bay (China; Hwang et al, 2005;Waska & Kim, 2011;Wang et al, 2017;Wu et al, 2013). In the Maowei Sea, the mean N/P ratios were 45 in the surface seawater and 28 in the river Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 10.1002/2017GC007330 water (i.e., the Maolingjiang River and Qinjiang River; Table 5).…”

Section: Eco-environmental Impacts Of Sgd-derived Nutrients In the Masupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Because SGD includes both terrestrial fresh groundwater and recirculated seawater, the increase in local precipitation will increase the SGD flux in each subterranean estuary. For example, the tidal ranges of the bays along the Chinese coasts are approximately the same and vary from 0.9 to 1.1 m (Table ; i.e., G. Wang et al, ; Tse & Jiao, ; Wang et al, ; X. L. Wang et al, ; Zhang et al, ). We found that the SGD rates are positively correlated with the local precipitation in these bay systems (r = 0.58, p > 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Submarine Groundwater‐Borne Nutrients in a Tropical Bay (Maowei Sea, China) and Their Impacts on the Oyster Aquaculture

Chen

Lao

Wang

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has been recognized as an important pathway for nutrients into estuaries, coasts, and the adjacent seas. In this study, 222Rn was used to estimate the SGD‐associated nutrient fluxes into an aquaculture area in a typical tropical bay (Maowei Sea, China). The SGD into the Maowei Sea during June 2016 was estimated to be 0.36 ± 0.33 m d−1 and was associated with SGD‐derived dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and dissolved silicon (DSi) fluxes (mol d−1) of (4.5 ± 5.5) × 106, (5.3 ± 9.1) × 104, and (9.4 ± 9.3) × 106, respectively. The SGD‐derived nutrients (i.e., DIN, DIP, and DSi) were more than 1.9, 0.9, and 3.6 times the amounts in the local river input and served as dominant sources in the nutrient budgets in the Maowei Sea. Moreover, the N/P ratios in the SGD around the Maowei Sea were high (mean: 64), and these ratios likely exceeded the environmental self‐purification capacity, thereby enhancing the biomass and changing the phytoplankton community structure. Therefore, SGD processes with derived nutrients may affect the biogeochemical cycles and marine ecological environment in the Maowei Sea. Furthermore, the N/P ratios (∼67) in oysters are very close to those in the SGD in the Maowei Sea; this coincidence suggests that the high N/P ratios in the SGD are likely to be one of the most important sources that support oyster aquaculture, which might weaken the burden of water eutrophication in the Maowei Sea.

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Section: Eco-environmental Impacts Of Sgd-derived Nutrients In the Masupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine Groundwater‐Borne Nutrients in a Tropical Bay (Maowei Sea, China) and Their Impacts on the Oyster Aquaculture

Chen

Lao

Wang

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Here the 222 Rn concentrations in groundwater ranged over 1 order of magnitude both in June 2016 and March 2017 (Table ). In previous studies, it was identified that both the well water and/or pore water near the shore can be used as the groundwater end‐members depending on the driving force of SGD (e.g., Chen et al, ; Hwang et al, ; Peterson et al, ; Wang et al, ). Assuming that radon from continental groundwater will equilibrate with the nearshore groundwater during transit (Burnett et al, ), we selected the pore water (such as P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, and P6) and nearshore well water (such as G3, G4, G11, G14, G16, and G17 collected within 200 m from the shoreline) as the most representative groundwater end‐member (Chen et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dissolved carbon, nutrients, and metals are generally enriched in groundwater due to biogeochemical reactions transforming soil carbon and water‐rock interactions (Moore, ; Wang et al, ). SGD‐derived DIC and DOC fluxes have been suggested to be significant components of the carbon budget in coastal systems (e.g., Cai et al, ; Santos et al, ; Szymczycha et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine Groundwater Discharge‐Derived Carbon Fluxes in Mangroves: An Important Component of Blue Carbon Budgets?

et al. 2018

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Mangroves are blue carbon systems characterized by high soil carbon storage and sequestration.Soil carbon losses via groundwater or pore water pathways are potentially important yet poorly understood components of mangrove carbon budgets. Here we quantified submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and associated dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and organic carbon (DOC) fluxes into a mangrove-dominated tropical bay (Maowei Sea) using a radon ( 222 Rn) mass balance model. The SGD fluxes in Maowei Sea were estimated to be 4.9 × 10 7 (0.36 ± 0.33 m/day) and 2.6 × 10 7 m 3 /day (0.20 ± 0.18 m/day) for the wet and dry seasons, respectively, implying that SGD may respond to precipitation. The SGD-derived DIC and DOC fluxes (mol·m À2 ·day À1 ) in the wet season (DIC: 0.70 ± 0.82; DOC: 0.31 ± 0.30) were higher than those in the dry season (DIC: 0.25 ± 0.24; DOC: 0.25 ± 0.23). These SGD-derived carbon fluxes exceed local river inputs and constituted >70% of the total DIC and DOC input into the bay. If scaled up to the global weighted mangrove area in combination with data from other 32 study sites, carbon fluxes via SGD into mangroves may be equivalent to 29-48% of the global riverine input into the ocean. Therefore, we suggest that SGD is a major component of coastal carbon budgets and that accounting for SGD helps to reduce uncertainties in mangrove blue carbon budgets.Plain Language Summary Mangrove soils sequester large amounts of carbon, but little is known on the loss of carbon via groundwater pathways. Here we quantified submarine groundwater discharge using radon and related dissolved inorganic and organic carbon fluxes in a mangrove-dominated tropical bay in China (Maowei Sea). Combining our results with literature data revealed that groundwater fluxes in mangroves are significant and should be considered in blue carbon assessments.

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“…3a,b). Groundwater flows toward and discharges into rivers, reservoirs or directly to the ocean as suggested by Wang et al (2017). The hydrogeology of the Dapeng peninsula ( Fig.…”

Section: Hydrogeological Setting and Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of groundwater resources in densely populated urban watersheds with a complex tectonic setting: Shenzhen, southern China

Lancia

Chen

et al. 2018

Hydrogeol J

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Shenzhen is the major financial and high-tech center in southern China. The megacity has grown rapidly in the last 40 years with the population increasing from about 30,000 in 1979 to 20 million in 2016. The study area (2,015 km 2) is about 42% urban and 58% undeveloped land. The rapid development of the megacity has resulted in severe degradation of the groundwater and surface-water resources and has created a nearly insatiable demand for water, with an average consumption of 2000 × 10 6 m 3 / year. Groundwater is an important component of the baseflow of the many streams in the area and is used for potable water supply and irrigation in some of the rural parts of the municipality. This study develops a conceptual model and quantitative framework for assessing the groundwater resources of Shenzhen. The groundwater system consists of shallow aquifers of alluvium and weathered bedrock overlying low permeability igneous and sedimentary rocks. The complex geologic setting was conceptualized as a block structure with blocks bounded by high-angle faults. The water budget in Shenzhen was quantified. The estimated average groundwater discharge is about 12% of annual precipitation. The study provides a starting point to investigate how a megacity such as Shenzhen should manage and protect its groundwater as a strategic resource and environmental asset. It is also a basic management tool for analyzing and contributing to urban drainage concepts such as the Bsponge city^.

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Nutrient inputs through submarine groundwater discharge in an embayment: A radon investigation in Daya Bay, China

Cited by 55 publications

References 43 publications

Submarine Groundwater‐Borne Nutrients in a Tropical Bay (Maowei Sea, China) and Their Impacts on the Oyster Aquaculture

Submarine Groundwater‐Borne Nutrients in a Tropical Bay (Maowei Sea, China) and Their Impacts on the Oyster Aquaculture

Submarine Groundwater Discharge‐Derived Carbon Fluxes in Mangroves: An Important Component of Blue Carbon Budgets?

Analysis of groundwater resources in densely populated urban watersheds with a complex tectonic setting: Shenzhen, southern China

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