Nutritional assessment models for diabetes and aging

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic disease, and its complexity and its various complications complicate studies in diabetes management. Aging is one of the main risk factors for diabetes, and elderly are a high-risk group for developing the disease. In recent years, increasing evidence has revealed the underlying molecular basis for aging diabetes and its connection to related signal pathways. Several key pathways in the aging process can affect insulin secretion and induce diabetes. In this review, we propose a possible connection between diabetes and aging in terms of development timeline and molecular pathology to better understand this interaction between two diseases, especially aging diabetes. Additionally, cell and animal models associated with diabetes are summarized, as well as a summary of models currently being used to study aging diabetes, and their strengths and limitations are also presented. The explanation of these types of models would help us to better understand the relationship between type 2 diabetes and aging and provide a basis for subsequent research on disease mechanisms and/or drug development.

Olfr78, a novel short‐chain fatty acid receptor, regulates glucose homeostasis and gut GLP‐1 secretion in mice

“…In addition to the colon and kidney, our results also indicated that olfr78 is widely distributed in the subcutaneous tissue, soleus, brown adipose tissue, liver, and pancreas (Figure 3a), which are also involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis (Stanford et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2021;Wen et al, 2022). Recent studies have shown that some…”

The protective effect and mechanism of mangiferin on D‐galactose‐induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in aging mice by an integrated network pharmacology and experimental validation strategy

“…Aging is a series of irreversible physiological or pathological phenomena with the increase of age, such as the decline of internal environment stable ability and stress ability, and degeneration of organism structure and function (Wen et al., 2022). Nowadays, the aging society is becoming increasingly serious, and the incidence of chronic diseases related to it is also increasing.…”

Updated Information of the Effects of (Poly)phenols against Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Humans: Reinforcing the Recommendations for Future Research

“…Equally important is to develop methods to synthesize and provide pure and sufficient quantities of all these molecules so they can be widely and reliably tested in the cell models. Furthermore, experimental designs should ideally combine and simultaneously test the different metabolites at a nM-low µM scale in the different insulin-sensitive cell models represent the tissues implicated in the development of T2DM [43].…”

“…The use of animal models of T2DM remains important for the investigation and understanding of this complex disease, as well as for the discovery of new and more effective means of treatment. Different animal models of diabetes have been developed and employed including chemically induced, genetically induced, diet-induced and obesityassociated models [43,45]. (Poly)phenols and (poly)phenol-containing products have been investigated for their antidiabetic properties in hundreds of these animal studies, principally in models of small rodents (rats and mice), and this number is continuously growing.…”