Nutritional Composition, Antioxidant Activities, and Antiulcer Potential of Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) Mycelia Extract

Abstract

Water extract of Lentinus squarrosulus mycelia was analysed for nutritional content, antioxidant capacity, and antiulcer ability. The extract contains high protein (57.6 g/100 g) and low total fat (0.5 g/100 g) and is rich in magnesium (0.4 g/100 g), potassium (3.8 g/100 g), vitamins B1 (1.42 mg/100 g), and B3 (194.29 mg/100 g) with total phenolic content of 39.16 mg/100 g. The cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of the extract were A450 of 0.20 ± 0.03 at 0.5 mg/ml and IC50 of 14.29 mg/ml, respectively. Oral feeding of L. squarrosulus extract (250 mg/kg) offered significant gastric mucosal protection of Sprague-Dawley rats compared to cimetidine (50 mg/kg). The ulcer healing rate of ulcerated rats after 24, 48, and 72 hours of treatment was 82%, 90%, and 100%, respectively. The IL-1β level in the serum and the NF-κB level in the tissues indicate that the healing potential was associated with attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines.

Morphological characteristics of mycelia growth of two strains of the indigenous medicinal mushroom, Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. (Singer), on solid media

“…are the most cultivated mushrooms worldwide (Chang, 1998). Other cultivated mushrooms include members of the genus Auricularia (Tang et al, 2010), Pleurotus (Cohen et al, 2002;Obodai et al, 2011;Royse, 1992) and, to a lesser extent, Lentinus (Adesina et al, 2011;Mhd Omar et al, 2011;Nwanze et al, 2006;Pukahuta et al, 2008).…”

“…The mushroom is usually found in the wild on dead or decaying wood (Karunarathna et al, 2011) of various trees. It is widely known as an indigenous mushroom in Nigeria (Adesina et al, 2011;Nwanze et al, 2005), having been reported to have various organoleptic, nutritional and medicinal attributes (Mhd Omar et al, 2011;Nwanze et al, 2006). L. squarrosulus has been reported to be rich in proteins, sugars, lipids, amino acids, vitamins B, C, and D, and minerals (Mhd Omar et al, 2011;Royse et al, 1990).…”

“…It is widely known as an indigenous mushroom in Nigeria (Adesina et al, 2011;Nwanze et al, 2005), having been reported to have various organoleptic, nutritional and medicinal attributes (Mhd Omar et al, 2011;Nwanze et al, 2006). L. squarrosulus has been reported to be rich in proteins, sugars, lipids, amino acids, vitamins B, C, and D, and minerals (Mhd Omar et al, 2011;Royse et al, 1990). According to Mhd Omar et al (2011), liquid mycelia extract of the mushroom have ulcer prevention and healing capabilities in rats.…”

“…L. squarrosulus has been reported to be rich in proteins, sugars, lipids, amino acids, vitamins B, C, and D, and minerals (Mhd Omar et al, 2011;Royse et al, 1990). According to Mhd Omar et al (2011), liquid mycelia extract of the mushroom have ulcer prevention and healing capabilities in rats.…”

“…Despite the diverse research output on L. squarrosulus cultivation on various substrates under various conditions (Adesina et al, 2011;Mhd Omar et al, 2011;Nwanze et al, 2005;Okhuoya et al, 2005), nutritional composition and medicinal properties (Bhunia et al, 2011;Bhunia et al, 2010;Mhd Omar et al, 2011), toxicological evaluation (Kadiri, 2005), enzyme profile (Mtui, 2012;Tripathi et al, 2012;Wuyep et al, 2003), and effect of different media on the mycelial growth of submerged cultures (Subramonian et al, 2010), there is very little information on the mycelia morphological characterization on solid media. However, Atri and Lata (2013) have reported on the vegetative growth of Lentinus cladopus Lév on both commercial solid and liquid media including Malt Extract Agar, Potato Dextrose Agar, Pea Extract Agar, Potato Malt Agar, Malt Broth, Potato Dextrose Broth, Czapek Solution, Glucose Asparagine Medium, Glucose Peptone Medium, and Dimmick Medium.…”