Nutritional status and its effect on treatment outcome among HIV infected clients receiving HAART in Ethiopia: a cohort study

Abstract

PurposesThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of nutritional status at the start of highly active anti-retroviral therapy on treatment outcomes among HIV/AIDS patients taking HAART at Jimma University Specialized Hospital.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study involving 340 adults who started highly active anti-retroviral therapy. The patients have been clinically followed for 2 years. Data were extracted from paper based medical charts by trained data collectors from January 30 to February 28, 2014 using data collection format. We entered data into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS for windows version 21. Predictors of CD4 change were identified using multivariable linear regression model. Time to an event (death) was estimated by Kaplan–Meier and predictors of mortality were identified by Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsOut of 340 patients, 42 patients died during the follow-up. Twenty-five (59.5 %) deaths were from malnourished group. Age, baseline CD4, sex, baseline HAART and marital status were significant predictors of immunologic recovery at different time points. Malnutrition was associated with lower CD4 recovery and greater hazard of death.ConclusionsMalnutrition tends to decrease CD4 recovery and predisposes patient to early death.

Food Insecurity, Nutritional Status, and Factors Associated with Malnutrition among People Living with HIV/AIDS Attending Antiretroviral Therapy at Public Health Facilities in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia

“…Studies also found that malnutrition was associated with lower CD4 count [ 5 ], and it tends to decrease CD4 counts recovery and predisposes patients to early death [ 35 ]. It was supported by the finding that micronutrient supplements significantly increased CD4 count among PLWHA [ 36 ].…”

High magnitude of under nutrition among HIV infected adults who have not started ART in Tanzania--a call to include nutrition care and treatment in the test and treat model

“…Tanzania is no exception. With such magnitudes of undernutrition, HIVpositive individuals are likely to succumb to treatment failure, higher risk of opportunistic infections [15,16], and even mortality [11,12,17]. Addressing undernutrition among adults is of paramount importance to attain treatment goals, especially in the new era of test and treat for all HIV-positive individuals.…”

Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in HIV-infected patients

“…More than half had detectable viral loads (54.0%), and were under HAART (58.0%). The mean duration (in months) since HAART initiation was 7.8 months (± 4.5; range [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and six patients (11.8%) were on a single tablet regimen. HIV diagnosis took place in 2015 for most patients (68.6%).…”

“…QoL is influenced by "physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships, personal beliefs and their relationship to salient features of their environment", according to the World Health Organization (WHO) (3). A better QoL has been observed in healthy populations compared to patients with chronic diseases (4,5). The relationship between nutrition, QoL and immune dysfunction, such as that seen in HIV, is interconnected (1); the disease progression is associated with a decline in nutritional status and immune function, even during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (6).…”