Nutritional status and metabolic profile in neurologically impaired pediatric surgical patients

Abstract

Nutritional and metabolic monitoring of disabled children and young adults is recommended to prevent adverse outcomes associated with malnutrition.

Body composition and resting energy expenditure in women with anorexia nervosa: Is hyperactivity a protecting factor?

“…Phase angle is a nutritional prognostic marker that is related to the integrity of cell membranes and tissue quality. As mentioned in a previous work from our research group 11 , results from trials on patients with AIDS 21 or colon-rectal cancer 22 suggest that a lower phase angle is associated with loss of integrity of cell membrane and worse prognosis, whereas a higher phase angle is associated with healthy cell membranes. This is because phase angle is positively correlated with capacitance and negatively associated with resistance 11 .…”

“…As mentioned in a previous work from our research group 11 , results from trials on patients with AIDS 21 or colon-rectal cancer 22 suggest that a lower phase angle is associated with loss of integrity of cell membrane and worse prognosis, whereas a higher phase angle is associated with healthy cell membranes. This is because phase angle is positively correlated with capacitance and negatively associated with resistance 11 . This is consistent with the findings that underweight ballet dancers and constitutionally lean subjects have a higher phase angle and different BC features compared to weight-matched patients with AN 23,24 .…”

Triglyceride Glucose Index as a Surrogate Measure of Insulin Sensitivity in a Caucasian Pediatric Population

“…IR fluctuations throughout lifespan, with periods of expected physiological increases , such as puberty (39), complicates interpretation and assessment of IR in children. We noted that TyG index is not influence by puberty, therefore this marker may be also useful for screening IR in prepubertal and pubertal populations as well as in pediatric patients at high risk of dismetabolic disorders, with pubertal impairment, such as malnourished disabled children (40). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a clustering of metabolic risk factors including central obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.…”

Malnutrition and Associated Risk Factors Among Disabled Children. Special Considerations in the Pediatric Surgical “Fragile” Patients

“…Nutrition and disability are intimately linked (3). Malnutrition can occur frequently in pediatric patients with neuro-physical impairment due to inappropriate dietary energy intake, oral motor dysfunction, increased nutrient losses, increased basal metabolic rate, and physical exertion (4, 5).…”

“…Disabled children may require surgery primarily for gastroesophageal reflux, gastrointestinal dismotilities, skeletal deformities or even neurolorogical, and cardiological comorbitities. In literature, poor nutritional status has been reported in nearly 40% of neurologically impaired (NI) children undergoing surgery (5). The prevalence of malnutrition is related to age and severity of neurological disability and it is not primarily determined by energy intake (5, 11); it also occurs in patients with adequate energy intake or even higher intakes than expected (5).…”