Nutritionally Enhanced Food Crops; Progress and Perspectives

Hefferon, Kathleen

doi:10.3390/ijms16023895

Cited by 170 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Although sorghum is gluten-free and could be an attractive replacement for wheat-allergy sufferers, it is considered a nutrient-poor crop (8, 9) with very low amounts of β-carotene (10). The improvement of micronutrients in food crops has attracted considerable attention, and significant advances have been made in a range of major crops (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Nutritional improvement in sorghum was undertaken a decade ago (23, 24); however, progress has lagged behind the progress in other crops.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated vitamin E content improves all- trans β-carotene accumulation and stability in biofortified sorghum

Che

Zhao

Glassman

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Micronutrient deficiencies are common in locales where people must rely upon sorghum as their staple diet. Sorghum grain is seriously deficient in provitamin A (β-carotene) and in the bioavailability of iron and zinc. Biofortification is a process to improve crops for one or more micronutrient deficiencies. We have developed sorghum with increased β-carotene accumulation that will alleviate vitamin A deficiency among people who rely on sorghum as their dietary staple. However, subsequent β-carotene instability during storage negatively affects the full utilization of this essential micronutrient. We determined that oxidation is the main factor causing β-carotene degradation under ambient conditions. We further demonstrated that coexpression of homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase (HGGT), stacked with carotenoid biosynthesis genes, can mitigate β-carotene oxidative degradation, resulting in increased β-carotene accumulation and stability. A kinetic study of β-carotene degradation showed that the half-life of β-carotene is extended from less than 4 wk to 10 wk on average with HGGT coexpression.β-carotene accumulation | β-carotene stability | vitamin E | HGGT | biofortified sorghum T he importance of vitamin A for human health has been widely addressed (1-6). A 2009 Global Report (7) summarized vitamin A as being "vital for survival and sight; to boost the immune system, vitamin A is a critical micronutrient for survival and physical health of children exposed to disease." In Africa, malnutrition is a serious challenge, but micronutrient deficiency also plays a dominant role in the overall food security of that continent. Based on this global report, the five countries having the highest proportions of preschool age children with vitamin A deficiency were all located in Africa: 95.6% in Sao Tome and Principe, 84.4% in Kenya, 75.8% in Ghana, 74.8% in Sierra Leone, and 68.8% in Mozambique. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is one of the most important staple foods for an estimated 500 million people, primarily those living in arid and semiarid areas. In Africa, it is the second most important cereal; about 300 million people rely on it as their daily staple food. Although sorghum is gluten-free and could be an attractive replacement for wheat-allergy sufferers, it is considered a nutrient-poor crop (8, 9) with very low amounts of β-carotene (10). The improvement of micronutrients in food crops has attracted considerable attention, and significant advances have been made in a range of major crops (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Nutritional improvement in sorghum was undertaken a decade ago (23, 24); however, progress has lagged behind the progress in other crops. One reason was the recalcitrance of sorghum to genetic modification via transformation. Recent improvements in sorghum transformation have largely overcome this barrier and offer an alternative approach to genetic improvements in sorghum (25).One of our objectives is to develop sorghum lines with enhanced and stabilized provitamin A (β-car...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated vitamin E content improves all- trans β-carotene accumulation and stability in biofortified sorghum

Che

Zhao

Glassman

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Besides chlorotic and necrotic toxins, phyto hormones have been suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis process (Pandey et al, 2001). The chlorotic toxin that has been identified as a cyclo depsipeptide affects many components of MAP kinase machinery, hypersensetive response, and systemic acquired response (Mishra et al 2011;2015). Despite the above studies, the potential target gene/protein that could act as key regulatory switch has not been identified.…”

Section: Stress Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, they play essential roles in development of functional food (Nutraceuticals) for nutrition, health, and well-being by the application of systems biology. Recently published studies demonstrated that much work is required for development of new varieties with enhanced nutritional qualities by using interdisciplinary approaches (Hefferon, 2015), to achieve the goal for providing the crops with additional health benefits on a global scale.…”

Section: Biofortification and Nutraceutical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems Biology for Smart Crops and Agricultural Innovation: Filling the Gaps between Genotype and Phenotype for Complex Traits Linked with Robust Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability

Kumar¹,

Pathak²,

Gupta

et al. 2015

OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology

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In recent years, rapid developments in several omics platforms and next generation sequencing technology have generated a huge amount of biological data about plants. Systems biology aims to develop and use wellorganized and efficient algorithms, data structure, visualization, and communication tools for the integration of these biological data with the goal of computational modeling and simulation. It studies crop plant systems by systematically perturbing them, checking the gene, protein, and informational pathway responses; integrating these data; and finally, formulating mathematical models that describe the structure of system and its response to individual perturbations. Consequently, systems biology approaches, such as integrative and predictive ones, hold immense potential in understanding of molecular mechanism of agriculturally important complex traits linked to agricultural productivity. This has led to identification of some key genes and proteins involved in networks of pathways involved in input use efficiency, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, photosynthesis efficiency, root, stem and leaf architecture, and nutrient mobilization. The developments in the above fields have made it possible to design smart crops with superior agronomic traits through genetic manipulation of key candidate genes.

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“…O primeiro passo estava dado, pois mesmo tendo sucesso na biofortificação, a concentração do carotenoide ainda era abaixo do necessário (levando em consideração a porção diária) para que remediasse as patologias causadas pela falta de vitamina A. Foi então que Paine et al (2005) chegaram ao Golden Rice 2 (GR2) com o uso da fitoeno sintase do milho, mais eficiente e gargalo para a excelência do sistema de seu predecessor, que resultou na concentração de até 37 μg de carotenoides (preferencialmente β-caroteno) por grama, ou seja, uma concentração 23 vezes maior que o Golden Rice. Já foi comprovada a eficácia do GR2 no combate às doenças causadas pela escassez de vitamina A, sendo considerada a primeira cultura especificamente desenvolvida para remediar a malnutrição, atingindo remotas populações rurais que não têm acesso a programas de suplementação (HEFFERON, 2015).…”

Section: Engenharia Metabólica E Nutracêuticaunclassified

“…Nesse mesmo trabalho, os pesquisadores avaliaram o efeito desse alimento em ratos propensos a desenvolver câncer e relataram um aumento de 30% na expectativa de vida. Atualmente esses tomates passam pelo processo de aprovação nos EUA, fazem parte de uma pesquisa com cardíacos no Reino Unido e espera-se que tenham uma linha de molhos (HEFFERON, 2015). O tomateiro é capaz de produzir antocianinas nos seus tecidos vegetativos, o que não ocorre naturalmente nos frutos, que acumulam certos tipos de flavonoides e flavonóis, intermediários na síntese de antocianinas (GONZALI et al, 2009).…”

Section: Engenharia Metabólica E Nutracêuticaunclassified

Obtenção e uso de linhagens quase isogênicas de tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Micro-Tom) afetando a composição de carotenoides: uma ferramenta para o estudo da nutracêutica

Bordignon¹

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AGRADECIMENTOSAos meus pais, José e Maria e meu irmão Felipe pelo convívio familiar, amizade, alicerce e ajuda ao longo da vida, sempre me incentivando a não desistir de completar cada passo de minha jornada. Em especial a minha mãe, por sempre me puxar a orelha quando era preciso, e que sempre me amou incondicionalmente, sempre luto, à minha maneira, para ser seu orgulho. A minha avó Dolores, por sempre buscar o bem comum.Aos meus familiares e amigos que me incentivaram e me apoiaram na minha trajetória até aqui.A minha namorada, amiga e companheira Carla, que sempre esteve ao meu lado com muito carinho e compreensão, te amo muito! À ESALQ por ser por tanto tempo minha segunda casa e sempre nunca perderá a importância que tem em minha vida. A CAPES pelo apoio financeiro. Em especial, agradeço à Profa. Dra. Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto, por todo seu apoio infraestrutural, ideológico, disposição e não menos importante simpatia.Estendo também, à sua técnica, Lucia Helena Justino da Silva, pela amizade, ajuda e bom humor, que muito me inspirou com sua história de vida, e com a sinceridade em tudo que faz.Aos que me acolheram em seu lar paulistano, Eric, Victor, os tenho em grande consideração. Não me esquecendo da Samira, Bruna, Gabriela, Mariana, Ana Marla e Elias.A Solizete pela ajuda com prazos e burocracias necessárias, trabalhando para ajudar a todos. Ao Vitti pela organização da Casa de Vegetação. A Cássia, que 6 sempre encontrou meios para me auxiliar e aconselhar da melhor forma possível, meu MUITO OBRIGADO.

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Nutritionally Enhanced Food Crops; Progress and Perspectives

Cited by 170 publications

References 133 publications

Elevated vitamin E content improves all- trans β-carotene accumulation and stability in biofortified sorghum

Elevated vitamin E content improves all- trans β-carotene accumulation and stability in biofortified sorghum

Systems Biology for Smart Crops and Agricultural Innovation: Filling the Gaps between Genotype and Phenotype for Complex Traits Linked with Robust Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability

Obtenção e uso de linhagens quase isogênicas de tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Micro-Tom) afetando a composição de carotenoides: uma ferramenta para o estudo da nutracêutica

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