O milho RR2 e o glyphosate: Uma revisão

Albrecht, Alfredo Júnior Paiola; Albrecht, Leandro Paiola; Barroso, Arthur Arrobas Martins; Filho, Ricardo Victória

doi:10.7824/rbh.v13i1.279

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The collapse area for pure DPPC was close to 40 Å 2 (data not shown) as reported in previous studies. 31,32 On the contrary, CHOL formed condensed monolayers ( Fig. 1 -cyan line) and exhibited a mean molecular area close to 42 Å 2 , similar to those found in the literature.…”

Section: π-A Isothermssupporting

confidence: 84%

Cholesterol Regulates the Incorporation and Catalytic Activity of Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in DPPC Monolayers

et al. 2019

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Matrix vesicles (MVs) are a special class of extracellular vesicles that drive bone and dentin mineralization by providing the essential enzymes and ions for the nucleation and propagation of mineral crystals. Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an integral protein of MV membrane and participates in biomineralization by hydrolyzing extracellular pyrophosphate (PP i)-a strong mineralization inhibitor-and forming inorganic phosphate (P i) necessary for the growth of mineral crystals inside MVs and their propagation once released in the extracellular matrix. MV membrane is enriched in cholesterol (CHOL), which influences the incorporation and activity of integral proteins in biologic membranes, however how CHOL controls the incorporation and activity of TNAP in MV membrane has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, Langmuir monolayers were used as a MV membrane biomimetic model to assess how CHOL affects TNAP incorporation and activity. Surface pressure-area (π-A) isotherms of binary dipalmitoilphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/CHOL monolayers showed that TNAP incorporation increases with CHOL concentration. Infrared spectroscopy showed that CHOL influences the conformation and orientation of the enzyme. Optical-fluorescence micrographs of the monolayers revealed the tendency of TNAP to incorporate into CHOL-rich microdomains. These data suggest that TNAP penetrates more efficiently and occupies a higher surface area into monolayers with a lower CHOL concentration due to the higher membrane fluidity. However, the quantity of enzyme transferred to solid supports as well as the enzymatic activity were higher using monolayers with a higher CHOL concentration due to increased rigidity that changes the enzyme orientation at the air-solid interface. These data provide new insights regarding the interfacial behavior of TNAP and CHOL in MVs and shed the light on the biochemical and biophysical processes occurring in MV membrane during biomineralization at the molecular level.

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Section: π-A Isothermssupporting

confidence: 84%

Cholesterol Regulates the Incorporation and Catalytic Activity of Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in DPPC Monolayers

et al. 2019

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“…ha -1 ) for nine maize hybrids (DKB 499, DKB 330, DKB 789, DKB 390, AG 2060, AG 7000, AG 7010, and AG 8088), with application at V4 growth stage, and verified initial crop injury symptoms in some of these, but without losses in grain production. According to Albrecht et al (2014), due to the massive presence of resistant, tolerant or even perennial weeds, and outside the ideal application stage, the farmer applies high rates of glyphosate beyond the recommended rate, mainly due to its greater use plasticity, however, this type of application is erroneous.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity of Herbicides Applied Separately or in Combination in the Post Emergence of Rr2 Maize

Giovanelli

Silva

Albrecht

et al. 2018

BJA

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The goal was to evaluate the tolerance of maize hybrids 2B810 PW and 30F35 HR to herbicides applied alone and in combination. Trials were carried out in the field in a randomized block design with four replicates. The treatments were three herbicides, alone or in combination, in addition to the control. Herbicides were: atrazine (2000 g ai ha-1); nicosulfuron (50 g ai ha-1) and glyphosate (1080 g ae ha-1). Crop injury was evaluated at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after application and also SPAD index, height, ear height, stem diameter, 1000-grain weight, and yield. In general, the variables were not affected by the treatments. Hybrids 2B810 PW and 30F35 HR showed tolerance to the application in post-emergence (V4) of the herbicides used.

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“…Esta tecnologia é amplamente empregada em países como Estados Unidos, Canadá, Argentina, África do Sul, Rússia, China entre outros. No Brasil, passou a ser cultivado comercialmente há poucos anos, o que demonstra a necessidade por pesquisas (Albrecht et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O milho RR2 foi desenvolvido devido a problemas que foram observados na primeira geração de milho tolerante ao glyphosate (milho GA21) lançado em 1980 (Albrecht et al, 2014). O desenvolvimento do milho RR2 ocorreu via promotores virais e elementos regulatórios que elevam a expressão da tolerância ao glyphosate na planta, principalmente nos tecidos anteriormente vulneráveis.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Pesquisa de Gazziero (2015), que entrevistou produtores rurais e profissionais da área, concluiu que para 97% dos entrevistados a mistura em tanque é uma prática usual. Com a utilização do milho RR2/LL ® , surgem dúvidas relacionadas às associações de glyphosate e glufosinate com outros herbicidas utilizados em milho, uma vez que, algumas associações têm o risco de causar fitointoxicação na cultura ou comprometer a eficácia de controle das plantas daninhas (Albrecht et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Seletividade de herbicidas isolados e em associações para milho RR2/LL®

et al. 2017

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O milho com tolerância ao herbicida glyphosate (Roundup Ready®) (milho RR®) vem sendo cada vez mais empregado, uma vez que propicia o uso deste herbicida para o controle de plantas daninhas. Assim o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a tolerância do híbrido 2B810PW (RR2/LL), submetido à aplicação de glyphosate, glufosinate e atrazine, isolados e associados em pós-emergência (V4). O ensaio foi realizado no campo, na safra 2013/14, e o delineamento adotado foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se da aplicação de glyphosate (1080 g ha-¹ de equivalente ácido - e.a.), glufosinate (500 g ha-¹ de ingrediente ativo - i.a.), atrazine (2000 g ha-¹ i.a.), glyphosate + glufosinate, glyphosate + atrazine, glufosinate + atrazine, glyphosate + glufosinate + atrazine, além da testemunha sem aplicação. Foram avaliadas fitointoxicação aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a aplicação (DAA) e índice SPAD, aos 21 e 28 DAA. Também foram avaliadas variáveis relacionadas ao desempenho agronômico: altura, altura de inserção da espiga, diâmetro do colmo, massa de mil grãos e produtividade. Em geral, as variáveis não foram afetadas pelos tratamentos. O híbrido de milho 2B810 PW apresentou-se tolerante, para a aplicação em pós-emergência (V4) dos herbicidas nas doses utilizadas.

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O milho RR2 e o glyphosate: Uma revisão

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Cholesterol Regulates the Incorporation and Catalytic Activity of Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in DPPC Monolayers

Cholesterol Regulates the Incorporation and Catalytic Activity of Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in DPPC Monolayers

Selectivity of Herbicides Applied Separately or in Combination in the Post Emergence of Rr2 Maize

Seletividade de herbicidas isolados e em associações para milho RR2/LL®

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