Obesity and intellectual disability in New Zealand

Stedman, Kurstyn V.; Leland, Louis S.

doi:10.3109/13668251003717928

Cited by 34 publications

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“…• Obesity in men with intellectual disability significantly less vs. women with intellectual disability Stedman and Leland (2010) • Women with intellectual disability ~2 times (p < .001)& men ~ 1 ½ times(p < .05) likely to be obese vs. women & men, resp. in the general population.…”

Section: Mikulovic Et Al (2014)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers across the world have reported the prevalence of being overweight and obese among adults with intellectual disability to be 28% -71% and 17% -43%, respectively (Barnes, & Echteld, 2012& Echteld, , 2009Emerson, Hatton, Baines, & Robertson, 2016;Haider, Ansari, Vaughan, Matters, & Emerson, 2013;Hsieh, Rimmer, & Heller, 2014;Koritsas & Lacono, 2016;Martínez-Leal et al, 2011;Melville et al, 2008;Mikulovic et al, 2014;Sohler, Lubetkin, Levy, Soghomonian, & Rimmerman, 2009;Stedman & Leland, 2010;Temple, Foley, & Lloyd, 2014;Wallace & Schluter, 2008; Table 1). The evidence is mixed on whether the prevalence of being overweight and/or obese is similar or proportionally higher or lower for individuals with intellectual disability versus the general population.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Being Overweight and Obesementioning

confidence: 99%

“…population (Bhaumik et al, 2008;Stedman & Leland, 2010). Further, Bhaumik et al (2008) estimated that the standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) for obesity was slightly lower in men with intellectual disability (SMR 0.80), but elevated significantly in women with intellectual disability (SMR 1.48) and that for underweight was higher in both men (SMR 8.44) and women (SMR 2.35) with intellectual disability.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and potential factors associated with overweight and obesity status in adults with intellectual developmental disorders

Ranjan

Nasser

Fisher

2017

Research Intellect Disabil

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Background:The prevalence of being overweight and obese is increasing not just in the general population but also in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Therefore, a need to identify factors contributing to overweight/obesity arises as this population is escalating. Materials and Methods:This narrative review article summarizes pertinent research focusing on prevalence and the potential factors associated with overweight and obesity in adults with intellectual disability during the past decade.Results: Prevalence of being overweight and obese among adults with intellectual disability is reportedly 28%-71% and 17%-43%, respectively. Factors increasing the susceptibility of being overweight or obese have been identified as female gender, increasing age, having a certain diagnosis, mild intellectual disability, as well as living independently/with family, consuming certain prescription medications, and non-participation in physical activities. Conclusion:Identification of the potential risk factors associated with being overweight and obese in this population will help tackle the challenges faced by this growing adult population with intellectual disability. K E Y W O R D Sintellectual disability, obesity, overweight, potential factors, prevalence | INTRODUCTIONDuring the past decades, life expectancy of the people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) has increased considerably and follows similar increasing trends to those found in the general population except for those with Down syndrome or epilepsy and or severe and multiple disabilities (Coppus, 2013;Hosking et al., 2016;Patja, Iivanainen, Vesala, Oksanen, & Ruoppila, 2000). Data from the United Kingdom, however, report significantly higher mortality among individuals with intellectual disability compared to the general population; the median age at death of male and female individuals with intellectual disability being 65 and 63 years, respectively compared to 78 and 83 years in the general population (Heslop et al., 2014;Hosking et al., 2016).Most common causes of death among individuals with intellectual disability are reportedly cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and neoplasms (Janicki et al., 2002;Patja, Molsa, & Iivanainen, 2001).In their large 35-year follow-up research, Patja et al. (2001) showed that the disease mortality pattern was high up to 40 years of age, but did not increase after that indicating that older people with intellectual disability had a similar mortality pattern to the general population.Health care professionals are therefore posed with new challenges, as lack of good-quality health care is reportedly an important contributory factor to mortality among this population (Heslop et al., 2014;Hosking et al., 2016).With more than one-third of adults (36.9% men & 38.0% women) in the world being overweight or obese (Ng et al., 2014), it is logical to believe that there is a rise or similar increasing trend in the prevalence of being overweight and obese in adults with intellectual disability. Data on US population...

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Section: Mikulovic Et Al (2014)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalence Of Being Overweight and Obesementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and potential factors associated with overweight and obesity status in adults with intellectual developmental disorders

Ranjan

Nasser

Fisher

2017

Research Intellect Disabil

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“…Duplicates removed (n = 868) 4 articles reported on same study 2 articles reported on same study 108,115,116,132,138,141 ) and South Africa (n = 2 131,134 ). Primarily, the included studies were cross-sectional observational (n = 31 81,82,98,[100][101][102]104,106,[109][110][111]114,116,119,121,124,[126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135]137,139,142,143,145 ).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for glucose intolerance and development of a lifestyle education programme for prevention of type 2 diabetes in a population with intellectual disabilities: the STOP Diabetes research project

Dunkley

Tyrer

Spong

et al. 2017

Programme Grants Appl Res

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BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is believed to be higher among people with intellectual disability (ID) than in the general population. However, research on prevalence and prevention in this population is limited.ObjectivesThe objectives of this programme of work were to establish a programme of research that would significantly enhance the knowledge and understanding of impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and T2DM in people with ID; to test strategies for the early identification of IGR and T2DM in people with ID; and to develop a lifestyle education programme and educator training protocol to promote behaviour change in a population with ID and IGR (or at a high risk of T2DM/CVD).SettingLeicestershire, UK.ParticipantsAdults with ID were recruited from community settings, including residential homes and family homes. Adults with mild to moderate ID who had an elevated body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 25 kg/m2and/or IGR were invited to take part in the education programme.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome of the screening programme was the prevalence of screen-detected T2DM and IGR. The uptake, feasibility and acceptability of the intervention were assessed.Data sourcesParticipants were recruited from general practices, specialist ID services and clinics, and through direct contact.ResultsA total of 930 people with ID were recruited to the screening programme: 58% were male, 80% were white and 68% were overweight or obese. The mean age of participants was 43.3 years (standard deviation 14.2 years). Bloods were obtained for 675 participants (73%). The prevalence of previously undiagnosed T2DM was 1.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5% to 2%] and of IGR was 5% (95% CI 4% to 7%). Abnormal IGR was more common in those of non-white ethnicity; those with a first-degree family history of diabetes; those with increasing weight, waist circumference, BMI, diastolic blood pressure or triglycerides; and those with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We developed a lifestyle educational programme for people with ID, informed by findings from qualitative stakeholder interviews (health-care professionals,n = 14; people with ID,n = 7) and evidence reviews. Subsequently, 11 people with ID (and carers) participated in pilot education sessions (two groups) and five people attended education for the feasibility stage (one group). We found that it was feasible to collect primary outcome measures on physical activity and sedentary behaviour using wrist-worn accelerometers. We found that the programme was relatively costly, meaning that large changes in activity or diet (or a reduction in programme costs) would be necessary for the programme to be cost-effective. We also developed a quality development process for assessing intervention fidelity.LimitationsWe were able to screen only around 30% of the population and involved only a small number in the piloting and feasibility work.ConclusionsThe results from this programme of work have significantly enhanced the existing knowledge and understanding of T2DM and IGR in people with ID. We have developed a lifestyle education programme and educator training protocol to promote behaviour change in this population.Future workFurther work is needed to evaluate the STOP Diabetes intervention to identify cost-effective strategies for its implementation.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02513277.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inHealth Research Programme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 5, No. 11. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

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“…Compared to the general population, people with intellectual disability have higher overall levels of chronic disease, such as diabetes (18.5%) and greater use of primary care (Carey et al, 2016). Obesity and respiratory disease are significant comorbidities, with obesity affecting up to 51% of people with intellectual disability compared to 29% of the general population (Stedman & Leland, 2010) and respiratory disease affecting 19.8% compared with 15.5%. The main cause of death is respiratory disease (52%) related to pneumonia and aspiration.…”

Section: Health Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health promotion and screening for people with an intellectual disability

Awan

Chauhan

2017

InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice

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Health promotion and screening for people with an intellectual disability P eople with intellectual disability have significantly worse health than those without, and have a higher level of complex health needs. The life expectancy for men and women is 13 and 20 years shorter, respectively, than the general population. The increasing role of general practice in delivering and coordinating care across health and social care settings requires expert generalist skills to implement an integrated approach to care. This article explores how general practice can improve the health of people with intellectual disability, by making reasonable adjustments within health promotion, disease prevention, screening and detection.

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Obesity and intellectual disability in New Zealand

Cited by 34 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence and potential factors associated with overweight and obesity status in adults with intellectual developmental disorders

Prevalence and potential factors associated with overweight and obesity status in adults with intellectual developmental disorders

Screening for glucose intolerance and development of a lifestyle education programme for prevention of type 2 diabetes in a population with intellectual disabilities: the STOP Diabetes research project

Health promotion and screening for people with an intellectual disability

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