Background:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has emerged as one of the most
common endocrine and metabolic disorders seen in women of childbearing age throughout the
whole world. The complex pathophysiology, different diagnostic criteria, and various manifestations
attached to several environmental factors, including lifestyle influences, have made it one of
the most difficult disorders to treat in recent times. In addition, inadequate knowledge among patients
and a lack of dedicated approved medications have only enhanced the difficulties in treating
such a heterogeneous disorder.
Objective:
The main objective of this review-type paper is to provide a detailed overview of
PCOS along with the current concept of a clinical stance in this complex multigenic disorder.
Method:
The following databases were used for literature searches: PubMed, Frontiers, Science
Direct, Springer, Wiley, and MDPI. For the purpose of finding pertinent articles and contents, the
keywords “PCOS; hirsutism; psychological burden; obesity” and others of a similar nature were
utilized.
Conclusion:
PCOS is a complicated hormonal, metabolic, and psychological condition with many
different clinical manifestations. It is among the most prevalent causes of infertility. Before considering
any medication choices, lifestyle modifications should be considered the primary therapeutic
prescription for PCOS-related infertility. According to recent studies, PCOS does not affect the
risk of ovarian or breast cancer, but it does raise the risk of endometrial cancer in women of all
ages. These results suggest that PCOS may increase the risk of gynaecological cancer morbidity.
The following stage is ovulation stimulation, which is best accomplished with letrozole and is followed
by clomiphene citrate. Women who had not responded to the first-line oral ovulatory
medicine were given gonadotropins as a backup. Early detection of girls with a high propensity to
develop PCOS will be made possible by a comprehensive knowledge of the condition's etiology.
Adolescent PCOS will be better managed overall, related comorbidities will be prevented, and
quality of life will increase with customized therapeutic approaches.
