Oblique solitary waves in a five component plasma

Abstract

Multi-ion plasma is found in many regions of space like the earth's ionosphere, mesosphere, solar atmosphere, commentary environments, etc. Of this commentary plasma is of particular interest among researchers due to the presence of a wide variety of many species of ions: besides electrons and protons of solar origin, photoionization causes the production of H + and O + from water molecules present in the commentary atmosphere in addition to the associated photo-electrons [1]. Also, several positively charged hot lighter and heavier ions have been observed at comet Halley [2-5]. Further, the observation of negatively charged ions by spacecraft Giotto with energies between 0.03 to 3.0 keV and mass peaks in the range 7-19, 22-65 and 85-110 amu in comet Halley gave a new dimension to the investigations on plasma where negatively charged ion species act as an ion pair [6]. Later, many investigations were done where both positively and negatively charged dust particles coexist in the same plasma environment [7] in which former would be smaller and latter would be larger in size [8]. In recent decade, there were extensive studies on different nonlinear propagations of waves in different plasma environments [9-14]. This includes plasmas with cold dust and electrons and/or ions described by kappa distribution functions [15] and cold dust, adiabatic fluid ions and kappa described electrons [16]. Photo-ionization in commentary plasma environments causes the production of photo-electrons which in turn act as a major second electron component, apart from the typical solar hot electrons. For example, Zwickl et al. [17] , observed such photo-electrons from photo-ionization of commentary neutrals at comet Giacobini-Zinner by the electron spectrometer on the spacecraft ICE. Also, Bhardwaj observed the production of energetic photo-electrons in a study related to the gas production rates in comets [18]. It is a fact that the presence of high energetic particles in plasma deviate from typical Maxwellian to a non Maxwellian type "kappa distribution". Such a kind of distribution was first predicted by Vasyliunas using energetic solar wind data [19] ; this distribution has since been used to model a number of space and astrophysical environments. We, therefore study the characteristics of dust ion-acoustic solitary waves in this five component plasma, in which the electrons are modeled by kappa distributions. We find that different heavier ions significantly affect the amplitude and width of the solitary waves. BASIC EQUATIONS We are interested in solitary waves in five component plasma. The heavier ions (dust) and lighter (hydrogen) ion components ABSTRACT We investigate the influence of ions of different masses on oblique solitary waves in five component plasma consisting of positively and negatively charged heavier ions (dust), hydrogen ions and hotter and colder electrons. Of these, the heavier ions and colder photo-electrons are of commentary origin while the other two are of solar origin; the electrons being described by kappa ...

Simultaneous Observation of Negatively and Positively Charged Nanograins at Comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko

“…note that the analysis done by Gombosi et al (2015) assumed singly charged nanograins; however, other analyses, for example, by Sijo et al (2015), include multiply charged grains.…”

Dust ion acoustic solitons in a complex dusty plasma system with an adiabatic state

“…(2) we have also neglected all collisional terms that may arise due to the collisions between plasma and dust particles or vise-versa. These assumptions are valid as long as the collision frequency or the ionization/ recombination rates are much less than the frequency of the dust ion acoustic waves under the consideration, and these have been investigated by many authors [1,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30] to study linear [1] and nonlinear [18,19,21,21,22,23,24,25,27,28,29,30] dust ion acoustic waves.…”

“…However, if dissipation is very small, the shock wave will have an oscillatory profile of which the first few oscillations at the wavefront will be close to solitons [9,18,30]. Many authors showed that there are many space plasma and laboratory dusty plasma situations [8,11,19,24,31,32] in which the effects causing the dissipation can be insignificant compared to that of the dispersion [8] that lead to the formation of dust ion acoustic solitary wave structures.…”

“…This clearly indicates that the DIA wave phase speed (V p ) increases with the increase of the dust charge density (Z d n d0 ). To the next higher order of ε, we obtain a set of equations, which, after using (12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21), can be simplified as 2) .…”

“…F. Deeba et al [17] have theoretically shown the existence of dust-ion-acoustic waves in dusty plasma, consisting of inertial ions, Boltzmann electrons, and negatively charged stationary dust, around a critical limit, applying the reductive perturbation method to the Gardner approach. F. Sijo et al have shown the oblique solitary waves in five-component complex plasma [19]. Sijo Sebastian et al in 2014 also worked with a five-component complex plasma system [20].…”