Observation and analysis of coastal changes in the West Estonian Archipelago caused by storm Ulli (Emil) in January 2012

Tõnisson, Hannes; Suursaar, Ülo; Rivis, Reimo; Kont, Are; Orviku, Kaarel

doi:10.2112/si65-141.1

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The autumn was stormy and the ice period started later than usual. Several strong wave storms affected not only the open Baltic Sea [31] but also the Gulf of Finland [32]. The autumn and winter of 2012/2013 were also comparatively stormy.…”

Section: Spatial Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining airborne and terrestrial laser scanning to monitor coastal processes

Julge

Eelsalu

Grünthal

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE/OES Baltic International Symposium (BALTIC)

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This study explores the potential of joint use of terrestrial (TLS) and airborne laser scanning (ALS) to quantify rapid and spatially inhomogeneous changes to the subaerial beach and to characterize the intensity of coastal processes. This remote sensing technology that uses scanning laser pulses for acquiring high-resolution three-dimensional surface of the measured object is applied to beach segment of the Pirita Beach (Tallinn Bay, the Baltic Sea). The extent and distribution of erosion and accumulation spots are analyzed by means of creating and comparing two digital terrain models of these areas from scanning point clouds obtained in different seasons. After elimination of systematic errors the ALS/TLS combination yields sub-decimeter accuracy for height determination of the beach. The analysis reveals not only the corresponding volume changes in the study area but also several features of internal dynamics of the beach across and along the waterline that are overlooked by classical monitoring methods. The benefits and shortcomings of combining the two laser scanning methods for monitoring coastal processes and the accuracy of the results are also discussed.

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Section: Spatial Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining airborne and terrestrial laser scanning to monitor coastal processes

Julge

Eelsalu

Grünthal

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE/OES Baltic International Symposium (BALTIC)

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“…Direct forcing (e.g. extreme storm events, tsunamis) can explain the occurrence of single prominent landforms or irregularly spaced sequences (Tõnisson et al 2013;Engel et al 2015). However, such events never occur in the needed regularity, both in magnitude and periods, at least in our case study.…”

Section: Allocyclic or Autocyclic Process?mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…extreme storm events, tsunamis) can explain the occurrence of single prominent landforms or irregularly spaced sequences (Tõnisson et al . ; Engel et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclicity in ridge patterns on the prograding coasts of Estonia

Suursaar

Kall

Steffen

et al. 2019

Boreas

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Recent LiDAR surveys have revealed that on postglacially uplifting coasts of Estonia rhythmic coastal landforms (beach ridge sequences and foredune plains) occur to a considerable extent. We studied four of them to reveal age and periodicity in these multiple ridge systems and discussed their genesis in the Subatlantic (semi‐continental) conditions of the Baltic Sea area. Using recent models of Fennoscandian uplift due to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), we constructed Holocene apparent sea level curves for the study sites at Õngu, Mänspe, Haldi and Keibu; converted distance–height shore profiles into time series (including corrections on shore profile non‐linearity and variations in GIA‐eustasy balance); and analysed the patterns using spectral analysis. It was suggested that due to non‐tidal conditions, relatively low‐energy hydrodynamic forcing and small aeolian contribution, the ridges mark ancient shorelines. They are relatively modest in height (mostly 0.2–1 m), form regular and extensive (up to 150 ridges) patterns, and date back to ~9000 years before present. We studied <5‐ka‐old sections. The mean ridge spacing varied, depending also on coastal slope, between 21 and 39 m. Both simple counting and spectral analysis involved some specific limitations, yet the estimates for typical spacing were alike, at 32 (±5) years. The regular nature of the low‐ridge patterns originated from relative sea level lowering and gradual sediment accretion/erosion. However, the progradation was rather uplift‐ than accretion‐driven and the stepwise process in ridge formation was probably not autocyclic. It was governed or modulated by quasi‐periodic 25–40 year cyclicity in local wave forcing, relative sea level variations and wind conditions. Being most likely connected to the North Atlantic Oscillation, the quasi‐regular, decadal‐scale, similarly phased variations may magnify each other's effect on the westerly exposed coasts of Estonia. Additionally, some other (e.g. event‐driven) mechanisms may also be present.

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“…Thin layers of soft, mobile sediments combined with very variable shore types make the use of ESI sensitivity classes rather difficult. The datasets originating from the monitoring programs and various scientific research projects indicate rapid changes in beach morphology and shore types in several locations along the Estonian coast (Orviku et al, 2003;Tõnisson et al, 2007;2013). Changes in beach type will automatically and rapidly change the sensitivity class and the sensitivity to pollution as well.…”

Section: Dynamics Factor: Estonian Examplementioning

confidence: 99%