Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Common in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Abstract

Results: Fifty subjects enrolled and completed a NPSG. The mean age was 64.9 years, and the mean BMI was 32.3. OSA was diagnosed in 88% of subjects. Ten subjects (20%) had mild OSA (AHI, 5 to 15 events per hour), and 34 subjects (68%) had moderate-to-severe OSA (AHI, > 15 events per hour). Only 6 subjects (12%) had a normal AHI. One patient was asymptomatic as determined by ESS and SA-SDQ, but had an AHI of 24 events per hour. The sensitivity of the ESS was 75% with a specificity of 15%, whereas the SA-SDQ had a sensitivity of 88% with a specificity of 50%. BMI did not correlate strongly with AHI (r ‫؍‬ 0.30; p ‫؍‬ 0.05). Conclusions: OSA is prevalent in patients with IPF and may be underrecognized by primary care providers and specialists. Neither ESS nor SA-SDQ alone or in combination was a strong screening tool. Given the high prevalence found in our sample, formal sleep evaluation and polysomnography should be considered in patients with IPF.(CHEST 2009; 136:772-778)

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: complaints and housing characteristics in a population in the United States

“…1,12 Nevertheless, it should be noted that 90% of individuals with sleep apnea are undiagnosed. 21 The prevalence of habitual snoring was similar to findings from studies conducted in the USA (46%) and Malaysia (47.3%). 5,20 The prevalence observed in our study was higher than in the following other regions: Nigeria 31.6%, 10 São Paulo 31% 22 and France 22%.…”

“…and also in Nigeria, India, and Hong Kong. 9,10 Epidemiological studies have confirmed that the gender ratio of OSAS is 2 to 3.1, 10,20,21 and this ratio was 1.42 in our study. In addition to cases of more prevalent OSAS disorders among men, these differences were statistically significant in our study and some other studies 1,2,4,8,23 although a study conducted in Iran did not reach any significant variation.…”

Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with interstitial lung diseases: past and future

“…Prior polysomnographic studies in the mid-1980s demonstrated alterations in sleep architecture and oxygen desaturation, especially during REM sleep, but not OSA, even in morbidly obese patients with ILDs [3,4]. The results of the study by Pihtili et al related to IPF patients are similar to recent studies that report increased incidence of OSA and pointed the need for high clinical suspicion for possible underlying OSA in this population [5][6][7][8]. Prior studies dating back 10-20 years probably underestimated hypopneas by using only thermal sensors and not nasal pressure transducers which are recognized as the sensitive devices for hypopnea detection that represents the majority of the observed respiratory events in IPF patients based on the newer studies.…”

Interstitial lung disease: new challenges and evolving phenotypes

“…Secondly, much remains to be learned about the relative contribution of tobacco smoking, genetic predisposition, cardiovascular disease or risk factors, and IPF. For example, the relative risk of developing acute coronary syndrome or deep vein thrombosis is increased in IPF [6], as may be the risk of obstructive sleep apnoea [7].…”