Occult axillary lymph node metastases are of no prognostic significance breast cancer

Millis, Rosemary R.; Springall, R.; Lee, A.H.S.; Ryder, Ken; Rytina, E.

doi:10.1016/s0959-8049(01)80103-9

Cited by 14 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…De Mascarel et al [55] compared 120 women with MM to those with N0 disease, median follow-up 7 years, and found that statistically significant associations with survival which were identified on univariate analysis did not remain after multivariate analysis. A lack of significant associations has also been reported by several other studies [56][57][58].…”

Section: Evidence Againstsupporting

confidence: 63%

The clinical significance of sentinel lymph node micrometastasis in breast cancer

Patani

Mokbel

2008

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Section: Evidence Againstsupporting

confidence: 63%

The clinical significance of sentinel lymph node micrometastasis in breast cancer

Patani

Mokbel

2008

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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“…17 These studies have not justified the use of these labor-intensive techniques. 10 Furthermore, the cost associated with implementing involved methods of evaluation on a routine basis in full or even partial axillary dissections is well beyond the means of present-day medical logistics. Therefore, sentinel lymph node evaluation has become an attrative option.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated a true incidence of lymph node involvement in the primary stages of breast carcinoma, with rates that differ from pTis through pT1a, pT1b, pT1c, pT2, pT3, and pT4 lesions. 6,8,10,15,19 In addition, lymphovascular invasion and tumor fibrosis have also been associated with the increased incidence of tumor deposition in lymph nodes. 20 Accordingly, adjuvant therapy has been tailored based on these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The current study supports the findings of earlier studies that concluded that microscopic tumor deposition does not have significant clinical implications, especially if visualized by IHC only. 10 It is apparent that in truly limited breast disease, there is probably no need to fully evaluate axillary lymph nodes. Even sentinel lymph node evaluation may not be necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 Prognostic differences have been reported between these two groups. 3,4,9,10 Although there is a direct correlation between tumor size and incidence of positive axillary lymph nodes in invasive carcinomas, in DCIS (defined as tumor confined to the basement membrane and theoretically not invasive), axillary lymph nodes are positive 1-2% of the time and of questionable significance. 11,12 These metastases have been attributed to various factors, including the failure to identify a small invasive component and the histologically subtle loss of a restricting basement membrane, a phenomenon usually associated with high-grade intraductal lesions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relevance of occult axillary micrometastasis in ductal carcinoma in situ

Lara

Young

Velilla

et al. 2003

Cancer

113

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Electrospray ionization (ESI) of tetrameric platinum(II) acetate, [Pt4(CH3COO)8], in methanol generates the formal platinum(III) dimeric cation [Pt2(CH3COO)3(CH2COO)(MeOH)2]+, which, upon harsher ionization conditions, sequentially loses the two methanol ligands, CO2, and CH2COO to form the platinum(II) dimer [Pt2(CH3COO)2(CH3)]+. Next, intramolecular sequential double hydrogen‐atom transfer from the methyl group concomitant with the elimination of two acetic acid molecules produces Pt2CH+ from which, upon even harsher conditions, PtCH+ is eventually generated. This degradation sequence is supported by collision‐induced dissociation (CID) experiments, extensive isotope‐labeling studies, and DFT calculations. Both PtCH+ and Pt2CH+ react under thermal conditions with the hydrocarbons C2Hn (n=2, 4, 6) and C3Hn (n=6, 8). While, in ion–molecule reactions of PtCH+ with C2 hydrocarbons, the relative rates decrease with increasing n, the opposite trend holds true for Pt2CH+. The Pt2CH+ cluster only sluggishly reacts with C2H2, but with C2H4 and C2H6 dihydrogen loss dominates. The reactions with the latter two substrates were preceded by a complete exchange of all of the hydrogen atoms present in the adduct complex. The PtCH+ ion is much less selective. In the reactions with C2H2 and C2H4, elimination of H2 occurs; however, CH4 formation prevails in the decomposition of the adduct complex that is formed with C2H6. In the reaction with C2H2, in addition to H2 loss, C3H3+ is produced, and this process formally corresponds to the transfer of the cationic methylidyne unit CH+ to C2H2, accompanied by the release of neutral Pt. In the ion–molecule reactions with the C3 hydrocarbons C3H6 and C3H8, dihydrogen loss occurs with high selectivity for Pt2CH+, but in the reactions of these substrates with PtCH+ several reaction routes compete. Finally, in the ion–molecule reactions with ammonia, both platinum complexes give rise to proton transfer to produce NH4+; however, only the encounter complex generated with PtCH+ undergoes efficient dehydrogenation of the substrate, and the rather minor formation of CNH4+ indicates that CN bond coupling is inefficient.

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Prognostic significance of occult axillary lymph node metastases after chemotherapy‐induced pathologic complete response of cytologically proven axillary lymph node metastases from breast cancer

Loya

Güray

Hennessy

et al. 2009

Cancer

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Persistent occult axillary lymph node metastases were not uncommon in patients with axillary lymph node-positive LABC who experienced a pCR in involved lymph nodes after preoperative chemotherapy. However, such occult metastases did not adversely affect the good prognosis associated with axillary lymph node pCR. Therefore, routine lymph node CK evaluation was not recommended after primary chemotherapy.

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Occult axillary lymph node metastases are of no prognostic significance breast cancer

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

The clinical significance of sentinel lymph node micrometastasis in breast cancer

The clinical significance of sentinel lymph node micrometastasis in breast cancer

The relevance of occult axillary micrometastasis in ductal carcinoma in situ

Prognostic significance of occult axillary lymph node metastases after chemotherapy‐induced pathologic complete response of cytologically proven axillary lymph node metastases from breast cancer

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