Occupational Health Problems Due To Garbage Sorting

Malmros, Per; Sigsgaard, Torben; Bach, Bodil

doi:10.1177/0734242x9201000303

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The concentrations of the total number of mesophillic bacteria only obtained during the second measurement series were similar to the 1.0×10 7 cfu/m 3 reference value proposed by Clark, while in first and third series this value was significantly exceeded [34]. Also occupational exposure threshold value for the total number of bacteria reported by Malmros et al ) was exceeded in all cases [35]. The concentrations of Gram-negative bacteria were compared with the reference value proposed by Górny [33] for the highest admissible concentration of this type of bacteria present in the The infection may enter through wounds and respiratory tract.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…This value was exceeded 10-fold and 100-fold in the first and third measurement series, respectively. Concentrations of Gram-negative bacteria in our study in all cases exceeded the reference value (1.0×10 3 cfu/m 3 ) proposed for his group of bacteria by Clark [34] and Malmros et al [35]. The qualitative analysis made it possible to isolate 21 genera/species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria present inside the breeding facilities.…”

Section: Microorganisms Of the Genus Enterococcus Faecalis Andmentioning

confidence: 70%

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The variability of bacterial aerosol in poultry houses depending on selected factors

Bródka¹,

Kozajda²,

Buczyńska³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: This study is aimed at evaluation of bacterial air contamination in intensive poultry breeding. The evaluation was based on the determined levels of bacterial concentrations and qualitative identification of isolated microorganisms. Materials and Methods: The study covered 5 poultry houses: two hatcheries and three hen houses with the litter bed system. The air was sampled in three measurement series in the central part of the investigated workplace at the height of about 1.5 m over the ground, using portable measuring sets consisting of a GilAir 5 (Sensidyne, USA) pump and a measuring head filled with a glass microfibre filter (Whatman, UK). For the quantitative and qualitative analysis of microorganisms were used appropriate microbiological media. Results: The total concentrations of airborne mesophilic bacteria inside the poultry breeding houses ranged from 4. . The lowest concentrations of each group of the examined microorganisms were noted in the second measurement series when the air exchange in the breeding houses was over twice higher than in first and third measurement series because the mechanical ventilation was supported by natural ventilation (opened gates in the buildings). The lowest concentrations of total bacteria were obtained in those buildings where one-day old chickens were kept. Gram-positive bacteria of the genera: Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, Micrococcus, Cellulomonas, Bacillus, Aerococcus, and Gram-negative bacteria of the genera: Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Pasteurella, Pantoea were isolated. It was shown that for most of the investigated livestock premises the total bacteria concentrations exceeded the reference value of 1.0×10 5 cfu/m 3 . Furthermore, pathogenic microorganisms which are a potential threat to human health (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. ozaenae, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium) were found among the identified bacteria. Conclusions: The results indicate that the hygienic conditions of the working environment connected with litter bed system production of poultry are affected by changes of the efficiency of ventilation and create a direct health risk to employees. They should use personal protective measures to protect their respiratory tract, especially when the gates in the hen houses are closed. Key words: Bacterial aerosol, Poultry breeding, Occupational exposure, Health risksThe project was financed with a grant for statutory activity IMP 3.2/2009 titled "Assessment of the influence of biological agents levels and irritant gases levels on the activity of the respiratory system in workers employed in poultry breeding". Project leader: Alina Buczyńska, PhD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Microorganisms Of the Genus Enterococcus Faecalis Andmentioning

confidence: 70%

The variability of bacterial aerosol in poultry houses depending on selected factors

Bródka¹,

Kozajda²,

Buczyńska³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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“…Estudo realizado em uma planta de separação de resíduos na Dinamarca revelou que 53% dos trabalhadores desenvolveram doença pulmonar durante os oito primeiros meses de produção (Malmros et al, 1992).…”

Section: Acidentes E Riscos Ocupacionaisunclassified

Aspectos de saúde coletiva e ocupacional associados à gestão dos resíduos sólidos municipais

Ferreira

Anjos

2001

Cad. Saúde Pública

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“…The recycled waste can be used for energy production by incineration or biogas production, for composting, or for reuse. The sorting of mixed household waste is known to be hazardous (2), and the recycling can involve source separation at the household site into, for example, a combustible fraction, an organic fraction, and a fraction of paper and glass (table 1). Collection of several waste fractions can prolong the collection frequency from once a week to every second week or moie and, therefore, create favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms (eg, fungi and endotoxins) (3)(4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure-response relationship between gastrointestinal problems among waste collectors and bioaerosol exposure

Ivens

No²,

Ebbehøj³

et al. 1999

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Objectives A high frequency of gastrointestinal problems has previously been reported for waste collectors. The present study relates the gastrointestinal problems to measurements of the bioaerosols that waste collectors are exposed to during work. Methods A job-exposure matrix was constructed from a combination of questionnaire data and field measurements. The questionnaire data were collected from 1747 male waste collectors and a comparison group of 11 11 male municipal workers. Moreover a total of 189 full-shift personal samples was collected. The samples were used for characterizing the bioaerosol exposure described by viable fungi, total count of fungal spores, microorganisms, and endotoxins. Results In a multivariate analysis, high exposure to endotoxins was associated with nausea [prevalence proportion ratio (PPR) 1.601, and the risk of reporting nausea decreased with decreasing exposure so that workers with low exposure had the fewest reports (PPR 1.39) in the comparison with the unexposed group. High exposure to endotoxins was also associated with reports of diarrhea (PPR 5.60), and the risk of reporting diarrhea decreased with decreasing exposure so that the workers with low exposure had the fewest reports (PPR 3.02). The same pattern existed for exposure to fungi, for which high exposure resulted in the most reports (PPR=4.59), and for diarrhea, for which low exposure resulted in the fewest reports (PPR=3.15). C O~~C~U S~O~~SAn exposure-response relationship was found between nausea and endotoxin exposure and between diarrhea and exposure to both endotoxins and viable fungi.Key terms job-exposure matrix, occupational epidemiology, occupational exposure, waste.The governments of several western countries have decided that dumping waste in landfills is to be replaced by recycling for up to 50% of household waste (1). The recycled waste can be used for energy production by incineration or biogas production, for composting, or for reuse. The sorting of mixed household waste is known to be hazardous (2), and the recycling can involve source separation at the household site into, for example, a combustible fraction, an organic fraction, and a fraction of paper and glass (table 1). Collection of several waste fractions can prolong the collection frequency from once a week to every second week or moie and, therefore, create favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms (eg, fungi and endotoxins) (3-4). Fungi are known to cause, for example, respiratory symptoms (5-7). Endotoxins have previously been suggested as a cause of gastrointestinal symptoms (8-1 1).A high frequency of gastrointestinal problems among waste collectors has been reported in minor case studies (12), especially in the warm season and when the organic fraction of household waste is collected (13). A recent large nationwide questionnaire-based study among almost all Danish waste collectors confirmed this earlier finding, in addition to showing that the symptoms are work-related (14). To our knowledge, no other studies exist on the rel...

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Occupational Health Problems Due To Garbage Sorting

Cited by 75 publications

References 2 publications

The variability of bacterial aerosol in poultry houses depending on selected factors

The variability of bacterial aerosol in poultry houses depending on selected factors

Aspectos de saúde coletiva e ocupacional associados à gestão dos resíduos sólidos municipais

Exposure-response relationship between gastrointestinal problems among waste collectors and bioaerosol exposure

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