Occupational Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Asthma due to &lt;i&gt;Penicillium camemberti&lt;/i&gt; in a Dry-Sausage Packer

Merget, R.; Sander, I.; Rozynek, P.; Heinze, Evelyn; Imoehl, M.; Raulf‐Heimsoth, Monika; Bruening, Thomas H.

doi:10.1159/000097137

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…A significant proportion of other species were either fungi reported in asthma ( Didymella exitialis , Penicillium camemberti ), allergy diseases ( Aspergillus penicilloides and Eurotium halophilicum ) [32], [33], [37], [39], [50], or infectious diseases ( Kluyveromyces lactis , Malassezia sp., non- neoformans Cryptococci, Chalara sp.) [34]–[36], [41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Airway Microbiota in Cystic Fibrosis: A Complex Fungal and Bacterial Community—Implications for Therapeutic Management

et al. 2012

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BackgroundGiven the polymicrobial nature of pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), it is essential to enhance our knowledge on the composition of the microbial community to improve patient management. In this study, we developed a pyrosequencing approach to extensively explore the diversity and dynamics of fungal and prokaryotic populations in CF lower airways.Methodology and Principal FindingsFungi and bacteria diversity in eight sputum samples collected from four adult CF patients was investigated using conventional microbiological culturing and high-throughput pyrosequencing approach targeting the ITS2 locus and the 16S rDNA gene. The unveiled microbial community structure was compared to the clinical profile of the CF patients. Pyrosequencing confirmed recently reported bacterial diversity and observed complex fungal communities, in which more than 60% of the species or genera were not detected by cultures. Strikingly, the diversity and species richness of fungal and bacterial communities was significantly lower in patients with decreased lung function and poor clinical status. Values of Chao1 richness estimator were statistically correlated with values of the Shwachman-Kulczycki score, body mass index, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (p = 0.046, 0.047, 0.004, and 0.001, respectively for fungal Chao1 indices, and p = 0.010, 0.047, 0.002, and 0.0003, respectively for bacterial Chao1 values). Phylogenetic analysis showed high molecular diversities at the sub-species level for the main fungal and bacterial taxa identified in the present study. Anaerobes were isolated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was more likely to be observed in association with Candida albicans than with Aspergillus fumigatus.ConclusionsIn light of the recent concept of CF lung microbiota, we viewed the microbial community as a unique pathogenic entity. We thus interpreted our results to highlight the potential interactions between microorganisms and the role of fungi in the context of improving survival in CF.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Airway Microbiota in Cystic Fibrosis: A Complex Fungal and Bacterial Community—Implications for Therapeutic Management

et al. 2012

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“…It is 83% identical to Pen c 30 over its entire length. [40] While there are two publications reporting allergenicity to Penicillium camemberti, [41,42] there are no reports of food allergy associated with the enzyme. A protein from Aspergillus oryzae, which is widely used in Asia as koji in soy sauce and soy paste fermentation [43] also has a closer identity match to Pen c 30 than that represented by the P. pastoris catalase A.…”

Section: Bioinformatics Search Results Of 17 Pichia Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Potential Risks of Food Allergy and Toxicity of Soy Leghemoglobin Expressed in Pichia pastoris

Yuan

Andoh-Kumi

et al. 2017

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeThe Soybean (Glycine max) leghemoglobin c2 (LegHb) gene was introduced into Pichia pastoris yeast for sustainable production of a heme‐carrying protein, for organoleptic use in plant‐based meat. The potential allergenicity and toxicity of LegHb and 17 Pichia host‐proteins each representing ≥1% of total protein in production batches are evaluated by literature review, bioinformatics sequence comparisons to known allergens or toxins, and in vitro pepsin digestion.Methods and resultsLiterature searches found no evidence of allergenicity or toxicity for these proteins. There are no significant sequence matches of LegHb to known allergens or toxins. Eleven Pichia proteins have modest identity matches to minor environmental allergens and 13 Pichia proteins have significant matches to proteins from toxic sources. Yet the matched allergens and toxins have similar matches to proteins from the commonly consumed yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, without evidence of food allergy or toxicity. The demonstrated history of safe use indicates additional tests for allergenicity and toxicity are not needed. The LegHb and Pichia sp. proteins were rapidly digested by pepsin at pH 2.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that foods containing recombinant soy LegHb produced in Pichia sp. are unlikely to present an unacceptable risk of allergenicity or toxicity to consumers.

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“…Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis were also recently described as colonizer organisms of CF patients [140,141]. A significant proportion of other identified species were fungi also detected in patients with asthma (Didymella exitialis, Penicillium camemberti), allergic responses (A. penicilloides and Eurotium halophilicum) [142,143], or infectious diseases (Kluyveromyces lactis, Malassezia sp., Cryptococci non-neoformans, Chalara sp.) [144].…”

Section: Fungi Inhabiting the Respiratory Tract: The Lung Mycobiotamentioning

confidence: 94%

Richness and diversity of mammalian fungal communities shape innate and adaptive immunity in health and disease

2014

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Human holobiomes are networks of mutualistic interactions between human cells and complex communities of bacteria and fungi that colonize the human body. The immune system must tolerate colonization with commensal bacteria and fungi but defend against invasion by either organism. Molecular ecological surveys of the human prokaryotic microbiota performed to date have revealed a remarkable degree of bacterial diversity and functionality. However, there is a dearth of information regarding the eukaryotic composition of the microbiota. In this review, we describe the ecology and the human niches of our fungal "fellow travelers" in both health and disease, discriminating between passengers, colonizers, and pathogens based on the interaction of these fungi with the human immune system. We conclude by highlighting the need to reconsider the etiology of many fungal and immune-related diseases in the context of the crosstalk between the human system and its resident microbial communities.Keywords: Dysbiosis r Fungal metagenomics r Host-microbe interaction r Mycobiota IntroductionHumans live in close association with a complex community of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea [1][2][3], which inhabit their bodies. Many groups have surveyed these microbial populations using the so-called "next generation" or "deep" sequencing approaches, revealing that the human microbiota differs radically at various body sites and among individuals [2][3][4]. The differences in the human microbiota are influenced by the availability of nutrients, environmental exposure to microorganisms, and other sitespecific features, such as the immunological makeup of a given location. The origin of differences in the microbiota between individuals potentially reflects different patterns of colonization early in life (reviewed in [5]), different dietary regimens [6,7], and different environmental exposures, such as antibiotic use [8,9]. Recently, the application of deep sequencing approaches have genCorrespondence: Dr. Duccio Cavalieri e-mail: duccio.cavalieri@fmach.it erated novel hypotheses about the microbial determinants underlying human disorders of immune origin (reviewed in [10]). Several metabolites of the interaction between diet and host microbiota, such as short-chain fatty acids, have been shown to play a fundamental role in shaping immune responses (reviewed in [11]). The application of microbial ecology concepts is ultimately leading to the conclusion that health and disease can be understood only through an understanding of the ways in which the symbiotic interactions between microbes and human organs harmonically integrate in the context of the hologenome [12].Human microbial diversity is not limited to bacteria; microorganisms such as fungi also play major roles in the stability of microbial communities in human health and disease (reviewed in [13]). Yeasts were detected in human stool samples as far back as 1917, and by the mid-20th century the presence of yeasts in the human intestine was proposed to have a saprotrophic role [14]....

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Occupational Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Asthma due to <i>Penicillium camemberti</i> in a Dry-Sausage Packer

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

The Airway Microbiota in Cystic Fibrosis: A Complex Fungal and Bacterial Community—Implications for Therapeutic Management

The Airway Microbiota in Cystic Fibrosis: A Complex Fungal and Bacterial Community—Implications for Therapeutic Management

Evaluating Potential Risks of Food Allergy and Toxicity of Soy Leghemoglobin Expressed in Pichia pastoris

Richness and diversity of mammalian fungal communities shape innate and adaptive immunity in health and disease

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