Occupational Lyme Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Magnavita, Nicola; Capitanelli, Ilaria; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Chirico, Francesco

doi:10.3390/diagnostics12020296

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…A 15-study meta-analysis reported that the OR for seroprevalence was 1.9 (95% CI: 1.2–3.2) worldwide in outdoor workers compared with controls (Magnavita et al 2022 ). Interestingly, the risk changed over time and apparently decreased after 2010, possibly due to better education and/or occupational protection, but this trend was not consistently observed herein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vector-competent ticks mainly include Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus (Margos et al 2019 , Perry 2021 ), and eight clinically relevant genospecies belonging to Bbsl complex have been reported: B. burgdorferi sensu stricto , Borrelia afzelii , Borrelia garinii , Borrelia valaisiana , Borrelia lusitaniae , Borrelia bissettii , Borrelia bavariensis , and Borrelia spielmanii (Rauter and Hartung 2005 , Richter and Matuschka 2006 , Margos et al 2009 ). Living or working in highly endemic geographic areas and undertaking outdoor occupations or leisure activities ( e.g., forestry work, farming, hunting, hiking) lead to greater risk of exposure (Piacentino and Schwartz 2002 , Magnavita et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Lyme Borreliosis in Europe: Results from a Systematic Literature Review (2005–2020)

Burn¹,

Pilz

Vyse

et al. 2023

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Background: Lyme borreliosis (LB), a tick bite-transmitted infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato ( Bbsl ) complex spirochetes, is the most common tickborne disease in Europe. Studies in European countries have reported LB seroprevalence (prevalence of antibodies to Bbsl infection) and diagnostic strategies used for testing. We conducted a systematic literature review to summarize contemporary LB seroprevalence in Europe. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and CABI Direct (Global Health) databases were searched from 2005 to 2020 to identify studies reporting LB seroprevalence in European countries. Reported single-tier and two-tier test results were summarized; algorithms (standard or modified) were used to interpret final test results from studies that used two-tier testing. Results: The search yielded 61 articles from 22 European countries. Studies used a range of diagnostic testing methods and strategies (48% single-tier, 46% standard two-tier, and 6% modified two-tier). In 39 population-based studies, of which 14 were nationally representative, seroprevalence estimates ranged from 2.7% (Norway) to 20% (Finland). There was substantial heterogeneity among studies in terms of design, cohort types, periods sampled, sample sizes, and diagnostics, which limited cross-study comparisons. Nevertheless, among studies that reported seroprevalence in persons with greater exposure to ticks, LB seroprevalence was higher among these groups than in the general population (40.6% vs. 3.9%). Furthermore, among studies that used two-tier testing, general population LB seroprevalence was higher in Western Europe (13.6%) and Eastern Europe (11.1%) than in Northern Europe (4.2%) and Southern Europe (3.9%). Conclusion: Despite variations in LB seroprevalence between and within European subregions and countries, high seroprevalence was observed in certain geographic regions and particular risk groups, suggesting significant disease burden and supporting the need for improved, targeted public health interventions such as vaccination. Harmonized approaches to serologic testing and more nationally representative seroprevalence studies are needed to better understand the prevalence of Bbsl infection in Europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Lyme Borreliosis in Europe: Results from a Systematic Literature Review (2005–2020)

Burn¹,

Pilz

Vyse

et al. 2023

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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show abstract

“…Thus, the incidence of LB is higher in areas where there is an abundance of vertebrate animals that serve as reservoirs for infected ticks (Lindgren and Jaenson, 2006). LB is also more common in persons who undertake outdoor occupations or leisure activities that increase the risk of exposure to tick bites in Bbsl -endemic areas (Magnavita et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Lyme Borreliosis in Europe: A Systematic Review (2005–2020)

Burn¹,

Vyse

Pilz

et al. 2023

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Background: Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe, but the burden of disease is incompletely described. Methods: We conducted a systematic review across PubMed, EMBASE, and CABI Direct (Global Health) databases, from January 1, 2005, to November 20, 2020, of epidemiological studies reporting incidence of LB in Europe (PROSPERO, CRD42021236906). Results: The systematic review yielded 61 unique articles describing LB incidence (national or subnational) in 25 European countries. Substantial heterogeneity in study designs, populations sampled, and case definitions restricted data comparability. The European Union Concerted Action on Lyme Borreliosis (EUCALB)–published standardized LB case definitions were used by only 13 (21%) of the 61 articles. There were 33 studies that provided national-level LB incidence estimates for 20 countries. Subnational LB incidence was available from an additional four countries (Italy, Lithuania, Norway, and Spain). The highest LB incidences (>100 cases per 100,000 population per year [PPY]) were reported in Belgium, Finland, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. Incidences were 20–40/100,000 PPY in the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, and Scotland and <20/100,000 PPY in Belarus, Croatia, Denmark, France, Ireland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (England, Northern Ireland, and Wales); markedly higher incidences were observed at the subnational level (up to 464/100,000 PPY in specific local areas). Conclusions: Although countries in Northern (Finland) and Western (Belgium, the Netherlands, and Switzerland) Europe reported the highest LB incidences, high incidences also were reported in some Eastern European countries. There was substantial subnational variation in incidence, including high incidences in some areas of countries with low overall incidence. This review, complemented by the incidence surveillance article, provides a comprehensive view into LB disease burden across Europe that may guide future preventive and therapeutic strategies—including new strategies on the horizon.

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“…The expanding geographic range of tick abundance and activity based on, for example, changes in precipitation, vegetation type and distribution, seasons, and human behavior is associated with an increased risk of tick bites [ 11 ]. LD by itself is a significant health threat and one of the most frequently diagnosed tick-borne diseases in the world [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, factors such as “working in locations suitable for tick habitats” (e.g., with sufficient precipitation) are prevalent amongst migrant and seasonal workers and suggest a higher potential risk of TBDs and sequelae. In fact, recent studies revealed significantly higher risk and prevalence of LD amongst outdoor agriculture workers, who are considered one of the occupational groups most frequently affected by LD [ 11 ]. However, the actual numbers and prevalence of TBD incidence among these groups are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triangulating the New Frontier of Health Geo-Data: Assessing Tick-Borne Disease Risk as an Occupational Hazard among Vulnerable Populations

Maxwell

McNeely

Brooks

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Determining interventions to combat disease often requires complex analyses of spatial-temporal data to improve health outcomes. For some vulnerable populations, obtaining sufficient data for related analyses is especially difficult, thus exacerbating related healthcare, research, and public health efforts. In the United States (U.S.), migrant and seasonal workers are especially affected in this regard, with data on health interventions and outcomes largely absent from official sources. In response, this study offers a multi-modal approach that involves triangulating geographically specified health data that incorporate reports on canine tick species, Lyme disease (LD) incidence, and patient symptom severity indicating potential subsequent disease burden. Spatial alignment of data at the U.S. county level was used to reveal and better understand tick-borne disease (TBD) incidence and risk among the identified populations. Survey data from migrant and seasonal workers in Texas were employed to determine TBD risk based on symptoms, occupations, and locations. Respondents who were found to have a higher likelihood of a TBD were also considerably more likely to report the most common symptoms of LD and other TBDs on the Horowitz Multiple Systemic Infectious Disease Syndrome Questionnaire. Those in the highly likely scoring group also reported more poor health and mental health days. Overall, a notable number of respondents (22%) were likely or highly likely to have a TBD, with particular relevance attributed to county of residence and living conditions. Also of note, almost a third of those reporting severe symptoms had received a previous Lyme disease diagnosis. These findings underscore the need for further surveillance among vulnerable populations at risk for TBDs.

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Occupational Lyme Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 80 publications

Seroprevalence of Lyme Borreliosis in Europe: Results from a Systematic Literature Review (2005–2020)

Seroprevalence of Lyme Borreliosis in Europe: Results from a Systematic Literature Review (2005–2020)

Incidence of Lyme Borreliosis in Europe: A Systematic Review (2005–2020)

Triangulating the New Frontier of Health Geo-Data: Assessing Tick-Borne Disease Risk as an Occupational Hazard among Vulnerable Populations

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