Occupational Therapy in the Process of Recovering from Severe Mental Disorder

Abstract

Background Severe mental disorder (SMD) produces a significant functional limitation that affects the performance of daily activities. This limitation is where the occupational therapist intervenes by seeking greater autonomy of these patients through specific activities. This study aims to identify the main limitations of people with SMD and see whether an occupational intervention has any effect in helping to overcome or ameliorate these limitations.Method An experimental study consisting of 103 subjects was carried out, where an evaluation was given before and after the intervention. The tool used is called the WHODAS questionnaire included in the DSM 5.Results Within the programming of activities, those with a higher attendance rating during cognitive stimulation, cooking workshop, therapeutic walks, relaxation, and creative activities were mainly men. The results showed that both patients and professionals indicated that Understanding and Communicating, Participation in Society, and Activities of Daily Living were the main perceived limitations. Upon discharge, both patients and professionals saw positive outcomes. Conclusion The intervention programs carried out by Occupational Therapy, along with the other aspects of the treatment that the patients with SMI have received, have played a part in improving the performance and occupational interests of the patients.