Occurrence characteristics and source appointment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and n-alkanes over the past 100 years in southwest China

Chen, Yan; Wang, Yanhua; Zhao, Zihan; Lang, Xiulu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151905

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…This could be because these larger molecules are less mobile than shorter alkanes. In the layers beneath the surface, C18 alkanes were more common, indicating that smaller alkanes might sink deeper into the soil, potentially due to them being more soluble (Chen et al 2022 ). The absence of certain long-chain alkanes (C19, C22, C25, C27, C29, C31, C32, and C33) in both the surface and subsurface soils (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and identification of long-chain hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial communities in long-term chronically polluted soil in Ogoniland: an integrated approach using culture-dependent and independent methods

Okoye,

Selvarajan,

Chikere

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Escalating oil consumption has resulted in an increase in accidental spills of petroleum hydrocarbons, causing severe environmental degradation, notably in vulnerable regions like the Niger Delta. Complex mixture of these hydrocarbons particularly long-chain alkanes presents unique challenges in restoration of polluted environment due to their chemical properties. This study aimed to investigate the long-chain hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial communities within long-term chronically polluted soil in Ogoniland, by utilizing both traditional cultivation methods and modern culture-independent techniques. Results revealed that surface-polluted soil (SPS) and subsurface soil (SPSS) exhibit significantly higher total organic carbon (TOC) ranging from 5.64 to 5.06% and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) levels ranging from 36,775 ppm to 14,087 ppm, compared to unpolluted soil (UPS) with 1.97% TOC and 479 ppm TPH, respectively. Analysis of carbon chain lengths reveals the prevalence of longer-chain alkanes (C20-28) in the surface soil. Culture-dependent methods, utilizing crude oil enrichment (COE) and paraffin wax enrichment (PWE), yield 47 bacterial isolates subjected to a long-chain alkane degradation assay. Twelve bacterial strains demonstrate significant degradation abilities across all enriched media. Three bacterial members, namely Pseudomonas sp. (almA), Marinomonas sp. (almA), and Alteromonas (ladA), exhibit genes responsible for long-chain alkane degradation, demonstrating efficiency between 50 and 80%. Culture-independent analysis reveals that surface SPS samples exhibit greater species richness and diversity compared to subsurface SPSS samples. Proteobacteria dominates as the phylum in both soil sample types, ranging from 22.23 to 82.61%, with Firmicutes (0.2–2.22%), Actinobacteria (0.4–3.02%), and Acidobacteria (0.1–3.53%) also prevalent. Bacterial profiles at genus level revealed that distinct variations among bacterial populations between SPS and SPSS samples comprising number of hydrocarbon degraders and the functional predictions also highlight the presence of potential catabolic genes (nahAa, adh2, and cpnA) in the polluted soil. However, culture-dependent analysis only captured a few of the dominant members found in culture-independent analysis, implying that more specialized media or environments are needed to isolate more bacterial members. The findings from this study contribute valuable information to ecological and biotechnological aspects, aiding in the development of more effective bioremediation applications for restoring oil-contaminated environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and identification of long-chain hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial communities in long-term chronically polluted soil in Ogoniland: an integrated approach using culture-dependent and independent methods

Okoye,

Selvarajan,

Chikere

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Due to their nature (straight-chain hydrocarbons lacking functional groups), n-alkanes are stable, long-lived molecules that can survive in the fossil record for millennia (Bush and McInerney 2013) leading to their use as biomarkers in tracing vegetation changes, not only over decades and centuries (Wang et al 2015;Chen et al 2017Chen et al , 2022Glendell et al 2018), but in studies of paleoecology and paleoclimatology (Meyers 2003;Glaser and Zech 2005;Zech et al 2009). N-alkanes within sediments are more resistant to degradation than other organic biomarkers (e.g.…”

Section: N-alkane Tracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the source and delivery processes of organic carbon within a mixed land use catchment using a combined n-alkane and carbon loss modelling approach

et al. 2022

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Purpose Understanding fluxes of soil organic carbon (OC) from the terrestrial to aquatic environments is crucial to evaluate their importance within the global carbon cycle. Sediment fingerprinting (SF) is increasingly used to identify land use-specific sources of OC, and, while this approach estimates the relative contribution of different sources to OC load in waterways, the high degree of spatial heterogeneity in many river catchments makes it challenging to precisely align the source apportionment results to the landscape. In this study, we integrate OC SF source apportionment with a carbon loss model (CLM) with the aim of: (i) reducing ambiguity in apportioning OC fluxes when the same land use exists in multiple locations within a catchment; and (ii) identifying factors affecting OC delivery to streams, e.g., buffer zones. Methods Two main approaches were used in this study: (i) identification of the sources of freshwater bed sediment OC using n-alkane biomarkers and a Bayesian-based unmixing model; and (ii) modelling and analysis of spatial data to construct a CLM using a combination of soil OC content modelling, RUSLE soil erosion modelling and a connectivity index. The study was carried out using existing OC and n-alkane biomarker data from a mixed land use UK catchment. Results Sediment fingerprinting revealed that woodland was the dominant source of the OC found in the streambed fine sediment, contributing between 81 and 85% at each streambed site. In contrast, CLM predicted that arable land was likely the dominant source of OC, with negligible inputs from woodland. The areas of the greatest OC loss in the CLM were predicted to be from arable land on steeper slopes surrounding the stream channels. Results suggest extensive riparian woodland disconnected upslope eroded soil OC and, concomitantly, provided an input of woodland-derived OC to the streams. It is likely the woodland contribution to streambed OC is derived from litter and leaves rather than soil erosion. Conclusion This study demonstrates how location-specific OC sources and delivery processes can be better determined using sediment fingerprinting in combination with CLM, rather than using sediment fingerprinting alone. It highlights that, although wooded riparian buffer strips may reduce the impact of upslope, eroded soil OC on waterways, they could themselves be a source of OC to stream sediments through more direct input (e.g., organic litter or leaf debris). Characterising this direct woodland OC as a separate source within future fingerprinting studies would allow the contributions from any eroded woodland soil OC to be better estimated.

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“…These compounds are commonly found in the environment and are produced through incomplete combustion of organic substances, such as vehicle exhaust, trash incineration, coal and petroleum combustion, cigarette smoke, and wood treatment [3][4][5]. In China, the most significant sources of PAH emissions are organic combustion, coal combustion, and the coking industry [6][7][8]. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a high molecular weight PAH with five rings, is one of the most typical PAHs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Benzo[a]pyrene by a White-Rot Fungus Phlebia acerina: Surfactant-Enhanced Degradation and Possible Genes Involved

Zhang,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2023

JoF

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent environmental pollutants that pose a threat to human health. Among these PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a five-ring compound, exhibits high resistance to biodegradation. White-rot fungus Phlebia acerina S-LWZ20190614-6 has demonstrated higher BaP degradation capabilities compared with Phanerochaete chrysosporium and P. sordida YK-624, achieving a degradation rate of 57.7% after 32 days of incubation under a ligninolytic condition. To further enhance the biodegradation rate, three nonionic surfactants were used, and the addition of 1 or 2 g·L−1 of polyethylene glycol monododecyl ether (Brij 30) resulted in nearly complete BaP biodegradation by P. acerina S-LWZ20190614-6. Interestingly, Brij 30 did not significantly affect the activity of manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase, but it did decrease laccase activity. Furthermore, the impact of cytochrome P450 on BaP degradation by P. acerina S-LWZ20190614-6 was found to be relatively mild. Transcriptomic analysis provided insights into the degradation mechanism of BaP, revealing the involvement of genes related to energy production and the synthesis of active enzymes crucial for BaP degradation. The addition of Brij 30 significantly upregulated various transferase and binding protein genes in P. acerina S-LWZ20190614-6. Hence, the bioremediation potential of BaP by the white-rot fungus P. acerina S-LWZ20190614-6 holds promise and warrants further exploration.

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Occurrence characteristics and source appointment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and n-alkanes over the past 100 years in southwest China

Cited by 21 publications

References 75 publications

Characterization and identification of long-chain hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial communities in long-term chronically polluted soil in Ogoniland: an integrated approach using culture-dependent and independent methods

Characterization and identification of long-chain hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial communities in long-term chronically polluted soil in Ogoniland: an integrated approach using culture-dependent and independent methods

Assessing the source and delivery processes of organic carbon within a mixed land use catchment using a combined n-alkane and carbon loss modelling approach

Biodegradation of Benzo[a]pyrene by a White-Rot Fungus Phlebia acerina: Surfactant-Enhanced Degradation and Possible Genes Involved

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