Occurrence, potential source, and cancer risk of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their halogenated derivatives in Shizuoka, Japan, and Dhaka, Bangladesh

Sei, Kento; Wang, Qi; Tokumura, Masahiro; Hossain, Anwar; Raknuzzaman, Mohammad; Miyake, Yuichi; Amagai, Takashi

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.110909

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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Section: Pahs In Air Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the atmospheric environment, PAHs are generated from incomplete combustion, coal burning, biomass burning, vehicle emissions, and e-waste recycling [81]. Due to the variations in physiochemical properties, PAHs are distributed in both particulate and gaseous forms in the environment [81]. The particulate PAHs are bound with aerosolized particles, and these particles have an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ) [81].…”

Section: Pahs In Air Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources, Occurrences, and Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydro-Carbons (PAHs) in Bangladesh: A Review of Current Status

Uddin,

2024

Atmosphere

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution has emerged as a significant environmental issue in Bangladesh in the recent years, driven by both economic and population growth. This review aims to investigate the current trends in PAHs pollution research, covering sediments, water, aquatic organisms, air particles, and associated health risks in Bangladesh. A comparative analysis with PAHs research in other countries is conducted, and potential future research directions are explored. This review suggests that the research on PAHs pollution in Bangladesh is less well studied and has fewer research publications compared to other countries. Dominant sources of PAHs in Bangladesh are fossil fuel combustion, petroleum hydrocarbons, urban discharges, industrial emissions, shipbreaking, and shipping activities. The concentrations of PAHs in sediments, water, air particles, and aquatic organisms in Bangladesh were found to be higher than those in most of the other countries around the world. Therefore, coastal sediments showed higher PAHs pollution than urban areas. Health risk assessments reveal both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to residents in Bangladesh due to the consumption of aquatic organisms. According to this investigation, it can be concluded that there are considerably higher PAHs concentrations in different environmental compartments in Bangladesh, which have received less research attention compared with other countries of the world. Considering these circumstances, this review recommends that future PAHs pollution research directions should focus on aquatic ecosystems, shipbreaking areas, air particles, and direct exposure to human health risks. Therefore, this study recommends addressing the identification of PAH sources, bioaccumulation, biomagnification in the food web, and biomarker responses of benthic organisms in future PAHs pollution research.

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Section: Pahs In Air Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pahs In Air Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources, Occurrences, and Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydro-Carbons (PAHs) in Bangladesh: A Review of Current Status

Uddin,

2024

Atmosphere

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“…Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) is a simple and practical pollution source analysis method that is able to quantitatively analyze the contribution of PAH sources (Aminiyan et al, 2021). PMF does not depend on the emission component spectrum of the pollution sources and is the most wildly applied source identi cation receptor model (Abayi et al, 2021;Sei et al, 2021;Zhen et al, 2021). PMF calculations was conducted based on the US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) PMF 5.0.…”

Section: Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution, potential sources, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface soils of Shanxi Province, north China

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread in the environment and pose serious threat to the soil ecosystem. In order to better understand the health risks of resident exposed to by PAHs-contaminated soil, 173 surface soil samples were collected in Shanxi Province, China, to detect the levels of 16 priority PAHs. The spatial distribution patterns of PAHs were explored using interpolation and spatial clustering analysis, and the probable sources of soil PAHs were identified for different land-use covers. The results indicate that the soil Σ16 PAH concentration to range from 22.12 to 1337.82 ng g− 1, with a mean of 224.21 ng g− 1. The soils were weakly to moderately contaminated by high molecular weight PAHs (3–5 ring) and the Taiyuan-Linfen Basin was the most polluted areas. In addition, the concentration of soil PAHs on construction land was higher than that on other land-use covers. Key sources of soil PAHs were related to industrial activities dominated by coal burning, coking, and heavy traffic. Based on the exposure risk assessment of PAHs, more than 10% of the area was revealed to be likely to suffer from high child carcinogenic risks. The study maps the high-risk distribution of soil PAHs in Shanxi Province and provides PAH-pollution reduction strategies for policy-makers to prevent adverse health risks to residents.

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“…At the same time, it was believed that the PAH sources exhibited notable changes as well due to the changes in source types and associated emission intensities (Kong et al, 2018). In addition to natural sources such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, PAHs mainly generated through multiple sources of predominantly incomplete combustion and pyrogenic decomposition, such as the production of exhaust during cooking or vehicle use, open burning of biomass, coal combustion, and coke combustion (Chao et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020a;Sei et al, 2021). Owing to the coaldominant energy structure, the PAH emissions of China ranked the first in the world and generally showed higher levels in wintertime (Shen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources, Compositions, and Health Risks of PM2.5-bound PAHs at the Rural Area along with the “Coal to Gas” Law

Yue

Zhu

et al. 2023

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The "Coal to Gas" (CTG) policy in north China markedly altered the characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5. Existing researches about CTG impacts on components, sources, and health risks of PM2.5-bound PAHs mainly focused on metropolitan area, whereas they were lacking in rural area of north China. Here, we deployed an intensive observation in winter of 2020 at a rural site in the central area of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. A positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and an incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model were utilized to examine the PAH sources and health risks. Higher daily average PM2.5 of 81.5 µg m -3 in the sampling period than 75 µg m -3 of the National Air Quality Standard Grade II indicated the air pollution in rural area was still serious. The total PAHs increased obviously from diurnal 86.2 ng m -3 to nocturnal 151 ng m -3 because of the nocturnal high intensity of heating, with the increases of 20.7%, 85.5%, and 76.3% for low, medium, and high molecular weight PAHs, respectively. Vehicular exhaust (VE), coal burning (CB), industrial source (IS), biomass burning (BB), and oil spill and leakages (OSL) were the main PAH contributors, with the average daily contributions of 32.7%, 21.5%, 18.3%, 15.9%, and 11.6%, respectively. Lower CC contribution of 27.6% in winter of 2020 than 27.6% in winter of 2019 indicated the positive role of CTG policy. However, the nocturnal CC fraction increased by 680% compared with the diurnal value, and CC had become the largest contributor in the nighttime. BB contribution was up to 18.3%, evidencing that biomass utility should be managed in term of the biomass burning was prohibited in BTH rural area.Moreover, the nocturnal average BaPeq equivalent concentration exhibited higher levels than those in the daytime. The nocturnal ILCR values of adults and children was 9.35×10 -6 and 2.66×10 -6 , exceeding the acceptable threshold, suggesting there was a potential carcinogenic risk.

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Occurrence, potential source, and cancer risk of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their halogenated derivatives in Shizuoka, Japan, and Dhaka, Bangladesh

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Sources, Occurrences, and Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydro-Carbons (PAHs) in Bangladesh: A Review of Current Status

Sources, Occurrences, and Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydro-Carbons (PAHs) in Bangladesh: A Review of Current Status

Spatial distribution, potential sources, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface soils of Shanxi Province, north China

Sources, Compositions, and Health Risks of PM2.5-bound PAHs at the Rural Area along with the “Coal to Gas” Law

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