Ocular Injuries Associated with Midface Fractures: A 5 Year Survey

Rajkumar, GC; Ashwin, D. P.; Singh, Rohit; R, Prashanth; Rudresh, K B

doi:10.1007/s12663-015-0778-1

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In this study, non-significant number of other complications as reduced vision (8%), retinal detachment (4%), corneal problems (8%) and traumatic hyphema (8%) were recorded. This was analogous to Rajkumar et al (4) and Foroughi et al (7) who, nevertheless, stressed on the importance to address them and the morbidity of neglecting such complications.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The eye apparatus responsible for a vital role; vision, is naturally protected by the hard bony orbital rim and the soft orbital fat and muscles (3) . Despite this dual protection system, mid-face injuries accommodate for 68-95% ocular injuries with associated ophthalmic complications accounting for 19 million blind or reduced vision people worldwide (4) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular injuries in mid-facial fractures: A retrospective study

Hatem

Amr

Sultan

2018

Egyptian Dental Journal

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Purpose: Mid-face injuries are usually accompanied with loss of integrity of the orbital skeleton along with the subsequent affection of the visual apparatus. This study aimed to highlight the incidence of different eye injuries associated with mid-facial fractures and to accentuate the need of the maxillofacial surgeon to comprehend and approach the post-traumatic ophthalmic consequences. Patients and methods: A total of twenty five patients suffering from mid-facial fractures and orbital involvement were included in this study from the departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery, faculties of Dentistry, Cairo University and MSA University. They were 22 males and 3 females with a mean age of 37 years. All the patients were subjected to immediate clinical and radiographic examination to evaluate the extent of the injury and its implications. An ophthalmologist was asked to further assess the eye apparatus to determine the exact ophthalmic complications. The collected clinical, radiographic and ophthalmic findings were recorded and analyzed. Results: A dominating etiology of Road Traffic Accidents was found (64%) with a significant male predominance (88%). Mid-face trauma in the form of ZMC fracture was acquainted as the most common reason for ophthalmic problems (36%) followed by the direct orbital blow-out fractures (20%). A wide range of ophthalmic complications were recorded. Sub-conjunctival hemorrhage (92%) was the most common to occur followed by peri-orbital edema (84%) and lid ecchymosis and laceration (76%). A clinical complaint from sensory infra-orbital nerve paresthesia was documented (72%). Diplopia (48%) and Enophthalmus (24%) were encountered as the most severe types of complications with other non-significant occurrence of reduced vision (8%), retinal detachment (4%), corneal problems (8%) and traumatic hyphema (8%). Conclusion: We concluded that it is a must to extend the maxillofacial surgeon's knowledge to include post-traumatic ocular injuries and their ophthalmic complications to complement an optimal patients' treatment outcome and to prevent disastrous ophthalmic repercussions following mid-face injuries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular injuries in mid-facial fractures: A retrospective study

Hatem

Amr

Sultan

2018

Egyptian Dental Journal

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“…Of the ocular injuries associated with midface fractures, 4.5% required ophthalmologic surgical intervention for either lens dislocation or ruptured globe repair. Retinal detachment leading to blindness was present in 0.84% of these patients [42]. Because of the potential for ocular injury, a thorough ocular examination is necessary when evaluating a patient with midface fractures [42].…”

Section: Concomitant Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retinal detachment leading to blindness was present in 0.84% of these patients [42]. Because of the potential for ocular injury, a thorough ocular examination is necessary when evaluating a patient with midface fractures [42].…”

Section: Concomitant Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Le Fort Fractures: A Collective Review

Phillips¹,

Turco²

2017

BEAT

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Le Fort fractures constitute a pattern of complex facial injury that occurs secondary to blunt facial trauma. The most common mechanisms of injury for these fractures, which are frequently associated with drug and alcohol use, include motor vehicle collisions, assault, and falls. A thorough search of the world's literature following PRISMA guidelines was conducted through PubMed and EBSCO databases. Search terms included "Le Fort fracture", "facial", "craniofacial", and "intracranial." Articles were selected based on relevance and examined regarding etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and outcomes in adults. The analyzed studies were published between 1980 and 2016. Initial data search yielded 186 results. The search was narrowed to exclude articles lacking in specificity for Le Fort fractures. Fifty-one articles were selected, the majority of which were large case studies, and collectively reported that Le Fort fractures are most commonly due to highvelocity MVC and that the severity of fracture type sustained occurred with increasing frequency. It was also found that there is a general lack of published Level I, Level II, and Level III studies regarding Le Fort fracture management, surgical management, and outcomes. The limitation of this study, similar to all PRISMA-guided review articles, is the dependence on previously published research and availability of references as outlined in our methodology. While mortality rates for Le Fort fractures are low, these complex injuries seldom occur in isolation and are associated with other severe injuries to the head and neck. Quick and accurate diagnosis of Le Fort fractures and associated injuries is crucial to the successful management of blunt head trauma.

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“…Zygomaticomaxillary fractures are almost always associated with fractures of the internal orbit 15) . Inferior and posterior displacement of the zygoma produces varying degrees of disorganization of the soft tissues of the orbital cavity with bony expansion causing enopthalmos 16) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Maxillary Fracture Risk Using Classification of the Mandibular Inferior Cortical Shape by Pantomography

Noda

Kawashima

Ito

et al. 2018

J. Hard Tissue Biology.

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Maxillofacial injuries remain a serious clinical problem because of the maxilla's anatomical signifi cance, with important organs, including the beginning of the digestive and respiratory systems, located in this area. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of maxillary fracture by classification of the mandibular inferior cortical shape using pantomography. This prospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (EC15-12-009-1). Three-hundred and sixty-four patients (190 males, 174 females; age 20-91 years, mean age 48.0 years) with suspected maxillary fractures who underwent both pantomography and multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) from April 2011 to December 2016 were included in this study. The mandibular inferior cortical shape was evaluated by pantomography on both sides of the mandible, distal to the mental foramen by specialist of two oral and maxillofacial radiologists, and classifi ed into three types as follows; Type l: normal cortex, Type 2: mildly to moderately eroded cortex and Type 3: severely eroded cortex. Moreover, the patients were divided into two groups; Group I: normal bone mineral density (Type 1) and Group II: low bone mineral density (Types 2 and 3). The presence of maxillary fractures and the classification of the mandibular inferior cortical shape were compared using pantomography. Of the 364 patients, fractures were seen in 219 patients (60.2%). Of the 219 patients with maxillary fractures, 51 patients were in Group I (23.3%) and 168 patients were in Group II (76.7%). Of the 145 patients without maxillary fractures, 120 patients were in Group I (82.8%) and 25 patients were in Group II (17.2%). There was a statistically signifi cant diff erence between Groups I and II in the prevalence of maxillary fractures (p<0.05). Our results suggest that classification of the mandibular inferior cortical shape using pantomography may provide a risk assessment for maxillary fracture.

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Ocular Injuries Associated with Midface Fractures: A 5 Year Survey

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Ocular injuries in mid-facial fractures: A retrospective study

Ocular injuries in mid-facial fractures: A retrospective study

Le Fort Fractures: A Collective Review

Assessment of Maxillary Fracture Risk Using Classification of the Mandibular Inferior Cortical Shape by Pantomography

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