Ocular rosacea: Common and commonly missed

Vieira, Ana Carolina; Mannis, Mark J.

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.04.042

Cited by 68 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The infection by microbial organisms may have an important role. In OR, Demodex folliculorum mites, a common inhabitant of normal human skin, possibly represents a contributing cofactor to the inflammatory reaction seen in both cutaneous and ocular disease [2][3][4]22,23] . Recently, bacterium Bacillus oleronius has been isolated from Demodex folliculorum mites and found to be responsible to trigger an immune system response.…”

Section: Etiology Pathophysiology and Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first manifestations of POR can be chronic conjunctivitis, recurrent hordeola and/or chronic chalazia (Figure 2) [5][6][7][8]11,16,20] , which are quite frequent in childhood, explaining the common delay in the diagnosis of this condition. Nevertheless, POR is often silent, painless and has unspecific clinical manifestations [2][3][4][5][6]12,16] . Table 1 shows the different ocular findings in POR.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rosacea is a chronic condition affecting the facial and ocular surface tissues, particularly common in the fairskinned population [1][2][3][4] . The American National Rosacea Society developed a classification system that became the standard one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the patterns of signs and symptoms, four major clinical subtypes of rosacea are described: Erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous and ocular rosacea. In children, the phymatous type is not seen [1][2][3][4] . These subtypes may be discrete variants or may be progressive from one to another, and they can also coexist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These subtypes may be discrete variants or may be progressive from one to another, and they can also coexist. Ocular rosacea is one of the four described types of rosacea, characterized by involvement of eyelids, conjunctiva and corneal tissue [1][2][3][4] . The prevalence of ophthalmic involvement in rosacea is probably higher than previously presumed and it varies considerably between ophthalmic and dermatological studies [2,3,5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pediatric ocular rosacea, a misdiagnosed disease with high morbidity: Proposed diagnostic criteria

Arriaga¹,

Domingues²,

Castela³

et al. 2016

WJD

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Ocular rosacea is an important and underdiagnosed chronic inflammatory disorder observed in children. A clinical spectrum ranging from chronic eyelid inflammation, recurrent ocular redness, photophobia and/or hordeola/chalazions and conjunctival/corneal phlyctenules evolving to neovascularization and scarring may occur. Visual impairment and consequent amblyopia are frequent and corneal perforation although rare is the most feared complication. Ocular manifestations usually precede cutaneous lesions. Although few cases of pediatric ocular rosacea (POR) have been reported in the literature, many cases must have been underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The delay in diagnosis is greater than one year in the large majority of cases and may lead to serious ocular sequelae. This review aims to highlight the clinical features of POR, its epidemiology, easy diagnosis and effective treatment. We also propose new diagnostic criteria, in which at least three of the five clinical criteria must be present: (1) Chronic or recurrent keratoconjunctivitis and/or red eye and/or photophobia; (2) Chronic or recurrent blepharitis and/or chalazia/ hordeola; (3) Eyelid telangiectasia documented by an ophthalmologist; (4) Primary periorificial dermatitis and/ or primary features of rosacea; and (5) Positive familial history of cutaneous and/or ocular rosacea.

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