Ocular Sporotrichosis: 26 Cases with Bulbar Involvement in a Hyperendemic Area of Zoonotic Transmission

Arinelli, Andrea; Aleixo, Ana Luisa Quintella do Couto; Freitas, Dayvison Francis Saraiva; Valle, Antônio Carlos Francesconi do; Almeida‐Paes, Rodrigo; Gutierrez-Galhardo, Maria Clara; Curi, André Luiz Land

doi:10.1080/09273948.2019.1624779

Cited by 43 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In addition to cutaneous presentations, S. brasiliensis is less commonly associated with ocular involvement, disseminated disease, central nervous system (CNS) disease, and hypersensitivity reactions [ 11 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. The most common ophthalmic manifestations are acute and chronic conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, and Parinaud syndrome, although cutaneous eyelid infections and other ocular sequelae can also occur [ 4 , 65 ]. Ophthalmic infections can result when secretions from an infected cat contact a person’s conjunctiva [ 65 ].…”

Section: Human Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Rossow

Queiroz‐Telles

Cáceres

et al. 2020

JoF

101

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Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis has become a major public health concern and presents a distinct divergence from the traditional epidemiology of sporotrichosis. This emerging fungal pathogen spreads readily among cat populations, and human infections occur exclusively via zoonotic transmission. While sporotrichosis is an implantation mycosis that typically manifests as cutaneous lesions in humans and cats, severe extracutaneous manifestations are more common with S. brasiliensis than other Sporothrix species infections. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment regimens are critical for successful clinical resolution of sporotrichosis in both cats and humans. Species-level identification of Sporothrix is possible with molecular diagnostics and necessary for tracking the geographic expansion of S. brasiliensis and better understanding its epidemiology. Combatting cat-transmitted sporotrichosis requires a One Health approach to successfully implement public health control measures.

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Section: Human Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Rossow

Queiroz‐Telles

Cáceres

et al. 2020

JoF

101

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arinella and coworkers described 26 cases of bulbar conjunctival sporotrichosis from Brazil; POGS occurred in 65% of these cases. Twenty-four patients (96%) reported contact with cats with sporotrichosis [47]. Granulomatous conjunctivitis due to Sporothrix presents with conjunctival edema, hyperemia, mucopurulent ocular discharge, grouped yellowish conjunctival nodules with a smooth, shiny surface, with or without unilateral lymphadenopathy [48].…”

Section: Pogs Due To Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the clinically evaluable patients in the series of Arinelli and coworkers were cured, but unspecified ocular sequelae occurred in 35% of patients. In hyperendemic areas for sporotrichosis, due to the difficulty of making a definitive diagnosis in a timely manner, empiric treatment has been advocated while awaiting culture results [47]. Abbreviations: ac, anterior cervical; amox-clav, amoxicillin-clavulanate; AST/ALT, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase; cipro, ciprofloxacin; doxy, doxycycline; EM, erythema multiforme; LAD, lymphadenopathy; oflox, ofloxacin; pa, preauricular; sm, submandibular; tobra, tobramycin.…”

Section: Pogs Due To Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, an inquiry about contact with cats should be made. However, other possible etiologies of POGS may also arise from cat or cat flea contact: sporotrichosis [47], tularemia [70], Pasteurella multocida [52], or flea-borne typhus [4]. If there is no cat contact, other epidemiologic clues should be sought.…”

Section: Diagnostic Approach To Pogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parinaud’s Oculoglandular Syndrome: A Case in an Adult with Flea-Borne Typhus and a Review

Dixon

Dayton²,

Anstead

2020

TropicalMed

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Parinaud’s oculoglandular syndrome (POGS) is defined as unilateral granulomatous conjunctivitis and facial lymphadenopathy. The aims of the current study are to describe a case of POGS with uveitis due to flea-borne typhus (FBT) and to present a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to POGS. The patient, a 38-year old man, presented with persistent unilateral eye pain, fever, rash, preauricular and submandibular lymphadenopathy, and laboratory findings of FBT: hyponatremia, elevated transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, thrombocytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. His condition rapidly improved after starting doxycycline. Soon after hospitalization, he was diagnosed with uveitis, which responded to topical prednisolone. To derive a diagnostic and empiric therapeutic approach to POGS, we reviewed the cases of POGS from its various causes since 1976 to discern epidemiologic clues and determine successful diagnostic techniques and therapies; we found multiple cases due to cat scratch disease (CSD; due to Bartonella henselae) (twelve), tularemia (ten), sporotrichosis (three), Rickettsia conorii (three), R. typhi/felis (two), and herpes simplex virus (two) and single cases due to tuberculosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Pasteurella multocida, Chlamydia trachomatis, Epstein–Barr virus, and Nocardia brasiliensis. Preauricular lymphadenopathy is a common clinical clue for POGS and is unusual in viral and bacterial conjunctivitis. For POGS, the major etiological consideration is B. henselae, which is usually diagnosed by the indirect immunofluorescence serologic technique. Although CSD POGS is usually self-limited, oral azithromycin may hasten resolution. However, other possible etiologies of POGS may also arise from cat or cat flea contact: sporotrichosis, tularemia, Pasteurella multocida, or FBT. If there is no cat contact, other epidemiologic and clinical findings should be sought, because several of these conditions, such as tularemia, paracoccidioidomycosis, and tuberculosis, may have grave systemic complications. Although there are usually no long-term ocular sequelae if POGS is properly diagnosed, it still may cause prolonged ocular discomfort and require multiple physician contacts.

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Eye fungal infections: a mini review

Reginatto,

Agostinetto,

Fuentefria

et al. 2023

Arch Microbiol

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Ocular fungal infections annually affect more than one million individuals worldwide. The management of these infections is problematic, mainly due to the limited availability of effective antifungal agents. Thus, ocular infections are increasingly recognized as important causes of morbidity and blindness, especially keratitis and endophthalmitis. Thus, this review aims to demonstrate the importance of fungal eye infections through the description of the main related aspects, with emphasis on the treatment of these infections. For this purpose, a search for scientific articles was conducted in databases, such as Medline, published from 2000 onwards, addressing important aspects involving fungal eye infections. In addition, this work highlighted the limited therapeutic arsenal available and the severity associated with these infections. Thus, highlighting the importance of constantly updating knowledge about these pathologies, as it contributes to agility in choosing the available and most appropriate therapeutic alternatives, aiming at positive and minimally harmful results for that particular patient.

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Ocular Sporotrichosis: 26 Cases with Bulbar Involvement in a Hyperendemic Area of Zoonotic Transmission

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Parinaud’s Oculoglandular Syndrome: A Case in an Adult with Flea-Borne Typhus and a Review

Eye fungal infections: a mini review

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