Ocular Surface Disease and the Role of Preservatives in Glaucoma Medications*

Ittoop, Sabita M; Seibold, Leonard K.; Kahook, Malik Y.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-5193-7.00058-3

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a novel compound, the biocidal mechanism for CTA-4OHcinn remains unknown. Since the cetrimonium cation is associated with biocidal activity through cell membrane disruption, it was proposed that CTA-4OHcinn will exert similar effects (Ittoop et al, 2015). To determine if the membrane-disruptive function of the cetrimonium cation was maintained in CTA-4OHcinn, healthy cultures of K. pneumoniae were treated with CTA-4OHcinn and compared to untreated controls by staining with Cellbrite ™ Fix 555.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of a Novel Multifunctional Corrosion Inhibitor Against Biofilms Developed on Carbon Steel

Tuck

Leinecker

Watkin

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In natural environments, populations of microorganisms rapidly colonise surfaces forming biofilms. These sessile communities comprise a variety of species which contribute to biofouling and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), especially on metals. Species heterogeneity in natural systems confers higher tolerance to adverse conditions such as biocide treatment compared with single species laboratory simulations. Effective chemical treatments to combat recalcitrant biofilms are often dangerous to apply; both to operators and the environment, and face international embargoes. Today, there is a drive to exchange current toxic and environmentally hazardous biocides with less harmful compounds. One effective method of achieving this goal is to generate multi-functional compounds capable of tackling corrosion and biofilm formation simultaneously, thus reducing the number of compounds in dosing procedures. In a previous study, a novel corrosion inhibitor demonstrated biocidal effects against three marine isolates during the early stages of biofilm formation. The compound; CTA-4OHcinn, holds great promise as a multi-functional inhibitor, however its effect on complex, multi-species biofilms remains unknown. Here we evaluate CTA-4OHcinn biocidal capacity against multi-species biofilms developed from oilfield samples. Mature biofilms were developed and treated with 10 mM CTA-4OHcinn for 4 h. The effects of the compound were assessed using mean probable number (MPN), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) quantification, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Results demonstrate that CTA-4OHcinn significantly reduces the viability of mature biofilms, supporting previous demonstrations on the secondary function of CTA-4OHcinn as a biocide. CLSM results further indicate that CTA-4OHcinn targets the cell membrane resulting in lysis. This finding complements the established corrosion inhibition function of CTA-4OHcinn, indicating the compound is a true multi-functional organic corrosion inhibitor.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of a Novel Multifunctional Corrosion Inhibitor Against Biofilms Developed on Carbon Steel

Tuck

Leinecker

Watkin

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…BAC can disrupt the lipid and denature the proteins in cytoplasmic membranes. 2 , 3 Continues exposure to BAC induces a large of chronic DED-alike changes in ocular surface tissues (eg, corneal epithelium defect, conjunctival goblet cell loss, tear film instability, and persistence ocular surface inflammation), 2–4 by which is generally employed to establish the classical animal model of DED. 46 Previous studies suggested repeated exposure to BAC induced the apoptosis of conjunctival cells, 58 corneal epithelial cells, 59 and lung epithelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is widely employed as a preservative in eye drops. 1 Increasing pieces of evidence have proved that consistent exposure to BAC causes dry eye disease (DED)-like changes in ocular surface tissues (eg, corneal epithelium defect, conjunctival goblet cell loss, tear film instability, and persistence ocular surface inflammation), 2–4 nevertheless the mechanism underly is still largely unclear. DED is the leading ocular surface disease in morbidity in ophthalmic clinics, 5 which affects up to 30% of worldwide populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD Mediated Corneal Epithelium Pyroptosis Using Melatonin-Loaded Liposomes to Inhibit Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Dry Eye Disease

Lou¹,

Pan²,

Xiang³

et al. 2023

IJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is widely employed as a preservative in eye drops, which will cause the death of corneal epithelial cells due to ROS production, DNA strand breakage, and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in dry eye disease (DED)-like changes in ocular surface tissues. In this study, Melatonin (MT) liposomes (TAT-MT-LIPs) designed by loading MT into TAT-modified liposomes have been developed, characterized, and used for inhibiting BAC-induced DED (BAC-DED). Methods The TAT was chemically grafted onto the Mal-PEG 2000 -DSPE by Michael’s addition between the sulfhydryl group in TAT and the maleimide group in Mal-PEG 2000 -DSPE. TAT-MT-LIPs were prepared using film dispersion followed by the extrusion method and topically treated in rats once a day. BAC-DED was induced in rats by topical administration with 0.2% BAC twice daily. Defects, edema, and inflammation of the corneas, as well as IOP, were examined. Histologic analyses of corneas were performed to assess the change of mitochondrial DNA oxidation and NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling transduction. Results After topical administration, TAT-MT-LIPs significantly alleviated DED-clinical symptoms of experimental animals by inhibiting tissue inflammation and preventing the loss of the corneal epithelium and conjunctival goblet cells. Our data suggested continuous ocular surface exposure of BAC-induced NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD mediated corneal epithelium pyroptosis, which was not reported before. BAC caused substantial mt-DNA oxidation, which promoted the transduction of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD and consequent corneal epithelium pyroptosis. TAT-MT-LIPs could efficiently suppress the BAC-induced corneal epithelium pyroptosis and inflammation by inhibiting mt-DNA oxidation and the subsequent signal transmission. Conclusion NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD mediated corneal epithelium pyroptosis is involved in the development of BAC-DED. The present study provided new insights into the adverse effects of BAC, which can serve as a new target for protecting corneal epithelium when applying BAC as a preservative in eye drops. The developed TAT-MT-LIPs can efficiently inhibit BAC-DED and give great potential to be developed as a new DED treatment.

show abstract

“…Due to its versatile metal-chelating properties, it has found a staggering number of applications in industry, medicine, and household. EDTA is used for treating mercury and lead poisoning, as a preservative in different drug formulations, , the food industry, and in the cosmetic industry for stabilization of formulations during air exposure . Additionally, EDTA as well as other metal chelators are known to induce permeabilization of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stealthy Player in Lipid Experiments? EDTA Binding to Phosphatidylcholine Membranes Probed by Simulations and Monolayer Experiments

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is frequently used in lipid experiments to remove redundant ions, such as Ca 2+ , from the sample solution. In this work, combining molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and Langmuir monolayer experiments, we show that on top of the expected Ca 2+ depletion, EDTA anions themselves bind to phosphatidylcholine (PC) monolayers. This binding, originating from EDTA interaction with choline groups of PC lipids, leads to the adsorption of EDTA anions at the monolayer surface and concentration-dependent changes in surface pressure as measured by monolayer experiments and explained by MD simulations. This surprising observation emphasizes that lipid experiments carried out using EDTA-containing solutions, especially of high concentrations, must be interpreted very carefully due to potential interfering interactions of EDTA with lipids and other biomolecules involved in the experiment, e.g., cationic peptides, that may alter membrane-binding affinities of studied compounds.

show abstract

Ocular Surface Disease and the Role of Preservatives in Glaucoma Medications*

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Efficiency of a Novel Multifunctional Corrosion Inhibitor Against Biofilms Developed on Carbon Steel

Efficiency of a Novel Multifunctional Corrosion Inhibitor Against Biofilms Developed on Carbon Steel

Suppression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD Mediated Corneal Epithelium Pyroptosis Using Melatonin-Loaded Liposomes to Inhibit Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Dry Eye Disease

Stealthy Player in Lipid Experiments? EDTA Binding to Phosphatidylcholine Membranes Probed by Simulations and Monolayer Experiments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About