Ocular surface temperature in patients with evaporative and aqueous-deficient dry eyes: a thermographic approach

Matteoli, Sara; Favuzza, Eleonora; Mazzantini, L; Aragona, Pasquale; Cappelli, Stefania; Mencucci, Rita

doi:10.1088/1361-6579/aa78bd

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Galassi et al found lower OST in glaucoma subjects compared to healthy subjects, and the authors suggested that this could be related to hemodynamic alterations in the optic nerve [16]. Other studies have also shown that the OST is lower and the cooling rate faster in DED subjects than in healthy subjects [17][18][19]. As DED is reported in subjects with glaucoma, it is possible that the low OST reported by Galassi is due to the eye drops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In fact, glaucoma group did show shorter FBUT values. In this regard, glaucoma subjects show similar behavior to those with DED [17][18][19]. Further studies that would analyze the thermal characteristics of the ocular surface before and after commencement of glaucoma eye drops are needed to assess if these thermal characteristics are due to the glaucoma itself or by the effects of topical glaucoma medication.…”

Section: B Differences In the Ocular Surface Temperature Dynamics Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging

García-Porta¹,

Gantes-Nuñez²,

Tabernero³

et al. 2019

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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We evaluated the dynamics of ocular surface temperature using thermal imaging in 21 glaucoma subjects and 19 healthy subjects. On opening of the eye, subjects with glaucoma showed significantly cooler temperatures in the central cornea compared to the control group. The upper eyelid was also significantly cooler just before the eye opened. Immediately after opening the eye, the dynamic of temperature change was different in the two groups. In subjects with glaucoma, the eyes cooled significantly faster, with an average decrease of 0.49°C during the first second compared to 0.24°C in the control group. Our results support the hypothesis that both the stability of the tear film and changes in the ocular blood supply in subjects with glaucoma play an important role in thermal dynamics of the ocular surface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: B Differences In the Ocular Surface Temperature Dynamics Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging

García-Porta¹,

Gantes-Nuñez²,

Tabernero³

et al. 2019

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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“…Ocular thermography has been described to be useful for differentiating between aqueous dry eye and evaporative dry eye. 22 It was also applied in patients with dry eye due to dysfunction of lacrimal gland or dysfunction of meibomian glands, or Sjogren's syndrome. 22 – 25 Thermography was also performed in patients with glaucoma, 26 particularly normal tension glaucoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cornea Thermography: Optimal Evaluation of the Outcome and the Resulting Reproducibility

Konieczka

Schoetzau

Koch

et al. 2018

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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PurposeThe aim of the study was to establish a standardized quantitative evaluation of corneal temperature (CT) that includes anchoring reference points in the topography and minimization of artifacts. We further investigated the distribution and the short- and long-term reproducibility of the CT values, as well as the influence of the core temperatures.MethodsThe CT values in both eyes of 40 healthy subjects were measured through thermography. These examinations took place over the course of four visits within 2 consecutive weeks. At each visit, the CTs were measured twice in both eyes with intervals of 15 minutes between measurements.ResultsCT values were not significantly different between the right and left eyes and their distribution was nearly normal. The CTs increased slightly when measured twice over the 15-minute intervals (short-term reproducibility) but remained stable over a period of 2 weeks (long-term reproducibility). In addition, the CT values depended on the core temperatures.ConclusionsOcular surface thermography is a fast and noninvasive examination. The methods of optimized and standardized evaluation of the CT values facilitate comparisons and follow-ups.Translational RelevanceThermography can be used clinically and scientifically only if both the measurement and its evaluation are efficient and standardized and if the outcomes are highly reproducible.

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“…22 Evaporative Dry Eye (EDE) patients were found to have a higher initial OST than those with Aqueous Decient Dry Eye (ADDE), suggesting that OST monitoring might be an effective tool to differentiate between different DED aetiologies. 23 An average increase of 0.8 C was observed in the OST of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) patients when compared to matched controls. 32 Attempts were made in DED screening by OST measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44 OST has a high potential to be targeted as a parameter for real-time monitoring the ocular physiology. 1,23,25,30,31,45 Contact lenses have recently attracted particular interest to be used as wearable sensing systems for point-of-care medicine. 46,47 In particular, scleral contact lenses are ocular prosthetic devices obtained from rigid polymers with high oxygen permeability for preserving corneal metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact lenses for continuous corneal temperature monitoring

et al. 2019

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Temperature variation is a ubiquitous medical sign to monitor ocular conditions including dry eye disease (DED), glaucoma, carotid artery stenosis, diabetic retinopathy, and vascular neuritis. The ability to measure OST in real time is desirable in point-of-care diagnostics. Here, we developed minimally invasive contact lens temperature sensors for continuous monitoring of the corneal temperature. The contact lens sensor consisted of a laser patterned commercial contact lens embedding temperature-sensitive Cholesteric Liquid Crystals (CLCs), which exhibited a fully reversible temperature-dependent color change in the visible spectrum. The contact lens allowed the corneal temperature to be mapped in four key areas, at distances of 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mm from the pupil's edge. Liquid crystals exhibited a wavelength shift from 738 AE 4 nm to 474 AE 4 nm upon increasing the temperature from 29.0 C to 40.0 C, with a time responsivity of 490 ms and a negligible hysteresis. Readouts were performed using a smartphone, which output RGB triplets associated to temperature values. Contact lens sensors based on CLCs were fitted and tested on an ex vivo porcine eye and readouts were compared with infrared thermal measurements, resulting in an average difference of 0.3 C.

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Ocular surface temperature in patients with evaporative and aqueous-deficient dry eyes: a thermographic approach

Abstract: Ocular thermography paves the way to become an effective tool for differentiating between the two different etiologies of dry eye syndrome.

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging

Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging

Cornea Thermography: Optimal Evaluation of the Outcome and the Resulting Reproducibility

Contact lenses for continuous corneal temperature monitoring

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