Odor Sampling: Techniques and Strategies for the Estimation of Odor Emission Rates from Different Source Types

Capelli, Laura; Sironi, Selena; Rosso, R. Del

doi:10.3390/s130100938

Cited by 67 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Different analytical approaches—both static methods (e.g., headspace analysis) and dynamic methods (e.g., exponential dilution)—for determining odor volatility in the presence of different food components have been applied to gain insight into the interactions between odor compounds and the food matrix [6–8]. Static headspace analysis permits a measurement by gas chromatography of the odorous compound concentration in gas phase when the gas/liquid equilibrium is reached [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Odor Release in Hydrocolloid Model Systems Containing Original or Carboxylated Cellulose at Different pH Values Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatographic (SHS-GC) Analysis

Lee

Shin

Park

et al. 2013

Sensors

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Static headspace gas chromatographic (SHS-GC) analysis was performed to determine the release of 13 odorants in hydrocolloid model systems containing original or regio-selectively carboxylated cellulose at different pH values. The release of most odor compounds was decreased in the hydrocolloid solutions compared to control, with the amounts of 2-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2,3-butanedione released into the headspace being less than those of any other odor compound in the hydrocolloid model systems. However, there was no considerable difference between original cellulose-containing and carboxylated-cellulose containing systems in the release of most compounds, except for relatively long-chain esters such as ethyl caprylate and ethyl nonanoate. The release from the original and carboxylated cellulose solutions controlled to pH 10 was significantly higher than that from solutions adjusted to pH 4 and 7 in the case of some esters (ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, butyl propionate, ethyl caproate) and alcohols (2-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol), in particular, ethyl butyrate and 3-methyl-1-butanol. In contrast, the release of 2,3-butanedione from both the original and carboxylated cellulose solutions was increased at pH 4 and 7 compared to that at pH 10 by about 70% and 130%, respectively. Our study demonstrated that the release of some odorants could be changed significantly by addition of both original and carboxylated cellulose in hydrocolloid model systems, but only minor effect was observed in pH of the solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Odor Release in Hydrocolloid Model Systems Containing Original or Carboxylated Cellulose at Different pH Values Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatographic (SHS-GC) Analysis

Lee

Shin

Park

et al. 2013

Sensors

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“…Jenicek et al (2013) (Le et al, 2013). Capelli et al (2013) reviewed the different odor sampling strategies adopted for the estimation of odor emission rates (OER) from different source types, including an overview of odor sampling regulations and a detailed discussion of the equipment and the mathematical considerations.…”

Section: Biological Odor/emissions Control Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaseous Emissions from Wastewater Facilities

Shaw¹,

Koh²

2014

Water Environment Research

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A review of the literature published in 2013 on topics relating to gaseous emissions from wastewater facilities is presented. This review is divided into the following sections: odorant emissions from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from WWTPs; emissions from wastewater collection systems; physiochemical odor/emissions control methods; biological odor/emissions control methods; odor characterization/monitoring; and odor impacts/ risk assessments.

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“…This datum can be used as input data for specific mathematical models, which combine this information together with meteorological and geographical data, and thus calculate how the emitted odor is transported through the atmosphere to the affected citizens. Over the last few years, there has been significant research investigating how to adequately estimate OER values from different source types, which are commonly considered as "complex" [22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Applicability and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can Odors Be Measured? An Overview of Methods and Their Applications

2020

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In recent years, citizens' attention towards air quality and pollution has increased significantly, and nowadays, odor pollution related to different industrial activities is recognized as a well-known environmental issue. For this reason, odors are subjected to control and regulation in many countries, and specific methods for odor measurement have been developed and standardized over the years. This paper, conceived within the H2020 D-NOSES project, summarizes odor measurement techniques, highlighting their applicability, advantages, and limits, with the aim of providing experienced as well as non-experienced users a useful tool that can be consulted in the management of specific odor problems for evaluating and identifying the most suitable approach. The paper also presents relevant examples of the application of the different methods discussed, thereby mainly referring to scientific articles published over the last 10 years.Atmosphere 2020, 11, 92 2 of 27 •Citizen science.Dynamic olfactometry and field inspection are the only methods specifically developed for odor measurement, which have been standardized at the European level [5][6][7].Other techniques, involving chemical characterization, are consolidated analytical techniques, commonly adopted to provide information about the odor properties of gaseous mixtures.Conversely, methods based on citizen science are quite new. Those techniques, based on the active involvement of citizens, have been proposed in recent years to address socio-environmental conflicts within the impacted communities [8,9]. In particular, these programs consist of the active involvement of citizens in the mapping and management of odor pollution problems, thereby allowing co-creation of local solutions together with industries, regional and local authorities, and odor experts [10,11]. With the aim to develop such innovative approaches based on so-called "extreme citizen science", in 2018, the Distributed Network for Odor Sensing, Empowerment, and Sustainability (D-NOSES) project was presented and has received funding from the European's Union Horizon 2020 Science with and for Society Call (SwafS) under grant agreement No. 789315. This project proposes a holistic approach, based on the cooperation of key stakeholders (citizens, regional and local authorities, industries, and odor experts) for the mapping and co-design of solutions, to researching, building, and suggesting an appropriate regulatory framework. Recognizing the lack of information about odor pollution and management as a limit for the successful adoption of citizen science for the management of odor problems, this review paper was conceived within the H2020 D-NOSES project with the purpose of raising awareness about odor pollution and providing a scientific background concerning odor impact assessment methods, which can be used by experienced as well as non-experienced users.This paper presents an overview of the methods that can be used for odor measurement, thereby excluding odor impact assessment techniques based on mat...

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Odor Sampling: Techniques and Strategies for the Estimation of Odor Emission Rates from Different Source Types

Cited by 67 publications

References 60 publications

Determination of Odor Release in Hydrocolloid Model Systems Containing Original or Carboxylated Cellulose at Different pH Values Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatographic (SHS-GC) Analysis

Determination of Odor Release in Hydrocolloid Model Systems Containing Original or Carboxylated Cellulose at Different pH Values Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatographic (SHS-GC) Analysis

Gaseous Emissions from Wastewater Facilities

How Can Odors Be Measured? An Overview of Methods and Their Applications

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