Older versus middle-aged adults with schizophrenia: Executive functioning and community outcomes

Muralidharan, Anjana; Finch, Anastasia; Bowie, Christopher R.; Harvey, Philip D.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.11.001

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Literature in schizophrenia suggests that older individuals have more severe EF impairments than individuals in early stages of the disorder (Muralidharan et al, 2020). That is to say that worsening deficits in executive functions are seen in older adults with schizophrenia compared to…”

Section: The Role Of Everyday Executive Functions In Adaptive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in daily life executive functioning between people with autism and people with schizophrenia

Yon-Hernández

Wojcik

García-García

et al. 2022

J Autism Dev Disord

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This is a comparative analysis of everyday executive functioning between individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD) and controls using Dysexecutive Questionnaire-Spanish (DEX-Sp), to identify patterns of difficulties. Also we assessed the relationship between EF and adaptive behavior as measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scale-II. Common areas of everyday executive functions were established as problematic in individuals with ASD and SSD related to Disinhibition and Apathy, while Disorganization and Impulsivity was gravely affected in ASD group only. The degree of Dysexecutive Syndrome was predictive of adaptive behavior in ASD group only. These suggest that DEX-Sp could be a useful tool in differentiating areas of strength and weaknesses in clinical groups such as ASD and SDD.

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Section: The Role Of Everyday Executive Functions In Adaptive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in daily life executive functioning between people with autism and people with schizophrenia

Yon-Hernández

Wojcik

García-García

et al. 2022

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…Another frequently reported gender difference in psychopathology is a greater severity of negative symptoms in males vs. females ( 1 , 2 , 5 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 40 , 64 – 68 ). This finding has been confirmed in patients with first-episode psychosis ( 43 , 69 , 70 ), as well as in older adults with schizophrenia ( 65 , 71 ). In the majority of studies, the finding is referred to negative symptoms measured with outdated instruments and often considered as a unitary construct, while the most recent literature suggests that these symptoms are heterogeneous and include at least two factors—“avolition” and “poor emotional expression”—that might be underpinned by different pathophysiological substrates and show different correlates ( 72 ).…”

Section: Psychopathological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Another frequently reported gender difference in psychopathology is a greater severity of negative symptoms in males vs. females (1,2,5,13,15,16,18,40,(64)(65)(66)(67)(68). This finding has been confirmed in patients with first-episode psychosis (43,69,70), as well as in older adults with schizophrenia (65, 71).…”

Section: Psychopathological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 85%

Gender Differences in Clinical and Psychosocial Features Among Persons With Schizophrenia: A Mini Review

et al. 2021

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An extensive literature regarding gender differences relevant to several aspects of schizophrenia is nowadays available. It includes some robust findings as well as some inconsistencies. In the present review, we summarize the literature on gender differences in schizophrenia relevant to clinical and social outcome as well as their determinants, focusing on clinical variables, while gender differences on biological factors which may have an impact on the outcome of the disorder were not included herewith. Consistent findings include, in male with respect to female patients, an earlier age of illness onset limited to early- and middle-onset schizophrenia, a worse premorbid functioning, a greater severity of negative symptoms, a lower severity of affective symptoms and a higher rate of comorbid alcohol/substance abuse. Discrepant findings have been reported on gender differences in positive symptoms and in social and non-social cognition, as well as in functional outcome and rates of recovery. In fact, despite the overall finding of a more severe clinical picture in males, this does not seem to translate into a worse outcome. From the recent literature emerges that, although some findings on gender differences in schizophrenia are consistent, there are still aspects of clinical and functional outcome which need clarification by means of further studies taking into account several methodological issues.

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“…In line with this, Piovan and colleagues (2016) found a correlation between the comprehension of figurative language and social functioning, suggesting that the misinterpretation of metaphors and idioms affects social relationships. As for expressive pragmatic skills, these seem to impact different functional domains: disconnected speech was shown to predict occupational functioning , while verbal underproductivity compromised the individuals' social skills across interpersonal, occupational, and everyday living domains (Muralidharan et al, 2018), and pressured speech, that is, the difficulty in regulating and inhibiting speech processes, affected satisfaction with life (Tan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Compared Eight Different Assessment Tools Reportingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicative-pragmatic abilities mediate the relationship between cognition and daily functioning in schizophrenia.

Agostoni¹,

Bambini²,

Bechi³

et al. 2021

Neuropsychology

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Objective: Pragmatics refers to the capacity to understand the speaker’s meaning and thus to appropriately engage in a conversation. This study aims at establishing the role of communicative-pragmatic abilities in functioning, defined as a set of daily activities, in schizophrenia. This would contribute to enrich current models of the neurocognitive predictors of functioning, which have so far neglected pragmatics. Method: One hundred people with schizophrenia underwent a comprehensive assessment including functioning, cognition, theory of mind (ToM), and pragmatics. We tested the effects of cognition as a predictor of functioning, first mediated by ToM, then sequentially mediated by ToM and pragmatics. Next, we explored the predictive effect of cognition, sequentially mediated by ToM and pragmatics, on different functional domains (i.e., interpersonal relations, instrumental role, and personal autonomy). Results: The first model confirmed that ToM acts as a mediator between cognition and functioning. Importantly, the second model highlighted also the main mediating role of pragmatics. The mediation models on different functional domains showed that, when considered together, both pragmatics and ToM significantly influenced all aspects of functioning. When considered separately, pragmatics was significantly related to interpersonal functioning, while ToM to personal autonomy. Conclusions: Innovatively, our findings highlight that pragmatics has a main role, both direct and indirect, in affecting functioning. Of particular interest is that the impact of pragmatics encompasses different functional domains, and especially interpersonal functioning.

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Older versus middle-aged adults with schizophrenia: Executive functioning and community outcomes

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Differences in daily life executive functioning between people with autism and people with schizophrenia

Differences in daily life executive functioning between people with autism and people with schizophrenia

Gender Differences in Clinical and Psychosocial Features Among Persons With Schizophrenia: A Mini Review

Communicative-pragmatic abilities mediate the relationship between cognition and daily functioning in schizophrenia.

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