Olefins from Biomass

Chieregato, Alessandro; Ochoa, Juliana Velasquez; Cavani, Fabrizio

doi:10.1002/9783527698202.ch1

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Some issues with this mechanism have been identified by Cavani et al in their latest book [14]. First, the supposed intermediate acetaldol is seldom detected amongst the products of the reaction, arguably due to its facile dehydration.…”

Section: The Kagan Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Breakthroughs in the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene

et al. 2016

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1,3-Butadiene is traditionally produced as a byproduct of ethylene production from steam crackers. What is unusual is that the alternative production route for this important commodity chemical via ethanol was developed a long time ago, before World War II. Currently, there is a renewed interest in the production of butadiene from biomass due to the general trend to replace oil in the chemical industry. This review describes the recent progress in the production of butadiene from ethanol (ETB) by one or two-step process through intermediate production of acetaldehyde with an emphasis on the new catalytic systems. The different catalysts for butadiene production are compared in terms of structure-catalytic performance relationship, highlighting the key issues and requirements for future developments. The main difficulty in this process is that basic, acid and redox properties have to be combined in one single catalyst for the reactions of condensation, dehydration and hydrogenation. Magnesium and zirconium-based catalysts in the form of oxides or recently proposed silicates and zeolites promoted by metals are prevailing for butadiene synthesis with the highest selectivity of 70% at high ethanol conversion. The major challenge for further application of the process is to increase the butadiene productivity and to enhance the catalyst lifetime by suppression of coke deposition with preservation of active sites.

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Section: The Kagan Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Breakthroughs in the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene

et al. 2016

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“…Corn, vegetable oils and other biomass products have been effectively used as feedstocks for the production of bio-propylene, via processes such as gasification, metathesis, dehydrogenation, fermentation, and cracking [22]. Conventionally, C 3 H 6 is a by-product of C 2 H 4 production via steam cracking of hydrocarbons and FCC of gas oil.…”

Section: Propylene (C 3 H 6 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C4H6 is also a by product of C2H4 production through cracking of hydrocarbons. C4H6 production from bio ethanol is a promising alternative that has been industrially implemented prior to the installation of naphtha cracking technologies; ethanol to C4H6 processes have been used since 1920, constituting the main production practice until the end of World War II [22,100]. Main routes of this process include dehydrogenation, dehydration, and condensation over suitable catalysts, either in one step (i.e., Lebedev approach) (Scheme 5) or two step processes (i.e., Ostromisslenski C 4 H 6 is also a by-product of C 2 H 4 production through cracking of hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Butadiene (C4h6)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Main routes of this process include dehydrogenation, dehydration, and condensation over suitable catalysts, either in one step (i.e., Lebedev approach) (Scheme 5) or two step processes (i.e., Ostromisslenski C 4 H 6 is also a by-product of C 2 H 4 production through cracking of hydrocarbons. C 4 H 6 production from bio-ethanol is a promising alternative that has been industrially implemented prior to the installation of naphtha cracking technologies; ethanol to C 4 H 6 processes have been used since 1920, constituting the main production practice until the end of World War II [22,100]. Main routes of this process include dehydrogenation, dehydration, and condensation over suitable catalysts, either in one-step (i.e., Lebedev approach) (Scheme 5) or two-step processes (i.e., Ostromisslenski approach) (Scheme 6) [100].…”

Section: Butadiene (C4h6)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renewable feedstocks offer great advantages in terms of sustainability, energy consumption, environmental pollution, CO 2 emissions, and cost; biomass is an abundant carbon-source with potential to replace fossil resources [21]. Through processes such as fermentation, hydro-deoxygenation or gasification, light olefins can be produced from bio-feedstocks, or from bio-intermediates (e.g., ethanol, butanol, naphtha, methanol, and propane) via dehydration, metathesis, and steam-cracking, among others [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olefins from Biomass Intermediates: A Review

2017

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Over the last decade, increasing demand for olefins and their valuable products has prompted research on novel processes and technologies for their selective production. As olefins are predominately dependent on fossil resources, their production is limited by the finite reserves and the associated economic and environmental concerns. The need for alternative routes for olefin production is imperative in order to meet the exceedingly high demand, worldwide. Biomass is considered a promising alternative feedstock that can be converted into the valuable olefins, among other chemicals and fuels. Through processes such as fermentation, gasification, cracking and deoxygenation, biomass derivatives can be effectively converted into C 2 -C 4 olefins. This short review focuses on the conversion of biomass-derived oxygenates into the most valuable olefins, e.g., ethylene, propylene, and butadiene.

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Understanding the Role of Gallium as a Promoter of Magnesium Silicate Catalysts for the Conversion of Ethanol into Butadiene

et al. 2017

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In this study we explore the use of Ga as a new component in MgO‐SiO2 catalysts for the Lebedev reaction (the one‐pot conversion of ethanol to butadiene). Several characterisation techniques (XRD, temperature‐programmed desorption of NH3, BET measurements, IR spectroscopy) and in situ spectroscopic studies (DRIFTS‐MS) were performed with the aim to correlate the properties of the modified materials with the catalytic results. We concluded that the wet impregnation of Ga3+ on the MgO‐SiO2 catalyst creates new Ga−O(H)−Si sites. These sites interact strongly with alcohol and not only facilitate its dehydrogenation to acetaldehyde and its transformation into the intermediate crotyl alcohol but also enhance the dehydration of the latter because of an improved acidity. However, an appropriate amount of gallium oxide is needed to avoid excessive acidity, which is conducive to an increased selectivity to ethylene.

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Olefins from Biomass

Cited by 13 publications

References 109 publications

Recent Breakthroughs in the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene

Recent Breakthroughs in the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene

Olefins from Biomass Intermediates: A Review

Understanding the Role of Gallium as a Promoter of Magnesium Silicate Catalysts for the Conversion of Ethanol into Butadiene

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