Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function in patients with multiple sclerosis

Goektas, Oender; Schmidt, Felix; Böhner, Georg; Erb, Katharina; Lüdemann, Lutz; Dahlslett, Bettina; Harms, Lutz; Fleiner, Franca

doi:10.4193/rhino10.136

Cited by 55 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Olfactory dysfunctions are reported to have strong correlations with MS. Not only do MS patients show higher levels of olfactory impairment but they also forfeit this ability as their disease progress, which might be due to a lot of underlying factors such as extensive demyelination, accumulating plaque burden, and increasing cognitive impairments [ 1 , 36 , 41 ]. That is why the idea of using olfactory screening tests as a diagnostic and prognostic marker is capturing more and more interest every day [ 32 , 33 , 35 ]. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in MS patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis; A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background The importance and prevalence of olfactory dysfunction is recently gaining attention in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) as a result of their chronic inflammatory disease, yet different prevalence rates are reported for it. Therefore, we have designed this systematic review to estimate the pooled prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in patients with MS. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in MS patients. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, ProQuest, and gray literature including references from the identified studies, review studies, and conference abstracts which were published up to January 2021. Articles that were relevant to our topic and could provide information regarding the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction, or the scores of smell threshold, discrimination, or identification (TDI) among MS patients and healthy individuals were included. The pooled prevalence was calculated using a random-effects model and a funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to see publication bias. Results The literature search found 1630 articles. After eliminating duplicates, 897 articles remained. Two conference abstracts were included for final analysis. A total of 1099 MS cases and 299 MS patients with olfactory dysfunction were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in the included studies was 27.2%. Also, the overall TDI score in MS patients was lower than that in the control group, and the level of Threshold, Discrimination, and Identification per se were lower in MS compared with control respectively. Conclusion The results of this systematic review show that the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in MS patients is high and more attention needs to be drawn to this aspect of MS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis; A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…55 Studies have used different methodologies but associations with age, sex, 430,441,447,453 and mood disorders 429,434,435,440,441 have been observed. Association with disease activity, 427,435,437,441,442,444,445,[447][448][449][450]452,453,[457][458][459][460]462,467,468,470,471,473,474 neurological manifestations, 435,[437][438][439][440][441][442][443]445,447,450,452,453,[457][458]…”

Section: G Related To Underlying Systemic Disease 1 Autoimmunementioning

confidence: 99%

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Patel

Holbrook

Turner

et al. 2022

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background:The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the past year. There is substantial variability in the quality of this literature and a need to consolidate and critically review the evidence. It is with that aim that we have gathered experts from around the world to produce this International Consensus on Allergy and Rhinology: Olfaction (ICAR:O). Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to olfaction. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review, or evidence-based review with recommendations format as dictated by available evidence and scope within the ICAR:O document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:O document was integrated and reviewed by all authors for final consensus. Results:The ICAR:O document reviews nearly 100 separate topics within the realm of olfaction, including diagnosis, epidemiology, disease burden, diagnosis, testing, etiology, treatment, and associated pathologies. Conclusion:This critical review of the existing clinical olfaction literature provides much needed insight and clarity into the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with olfactory dysfunction, while also clearly delineating gaps in our knowledge and evidence base that we should investigate further.

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“…Another MRI-based study demonstrated that patients with MS with decreased olfactory bulb volumes demonstrated greater olfactory impairment, with a clear correlation between volume and olfactory function. 40…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%