Olfactory change after intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Wang, Jing-Jie; Liang, Kai Li; Twu, Chih Wen; Jia, Lin; Jiang, Rong

doi:10.1002/alr.21575

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Proposed mechanisms include direct cytotoxic damage to the OE, OB, or its supporting cells; impaired neurogenesis; treatment‐induced obstruction of the OC; and decreased vascular perfusion to the OC. Murine models have demonstrated that ionizing radiation affects olfactory neurogenesis and OB plasticity 422,423 . Patients with nasopharyngeal cancer treated with RT have been shown to exhibit reductions in OBV on posttreatment MRI, measured ≥1 year after completion of therapy 421 …”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Murine models have demonstrated that ionizing radiation affects olfactory neurogenesis and OB plasticity. 422,423 Patients with nasopharyngeal cancer treated with RT have been shown to exhibit reductions in OBV on posttreatment MRI, measured ≥1 year after completion of therapy. 421 Regarding prognosis, there appears to be a radiation dose-dependent effect on long-term OD.…”

Section: F Postradiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such studies have utilized a variety of outcome metrics, including the UPSIT R , Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) olfactory test, SS, and measurement of event-related potentials (ERPs) to assess odor threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI), suggesting that RT-induced OD is both qualitative and quantitative. [384][385][386][387][388][389][390] Various mechanisms have been proposed regarding the pathophysiology of these observed changes, although there is limited evidence in their validation. Proposed mechanisms include direct cytotoxic damage to the OE, OB, or its supporting cells; impaired neurogenesis; treatmentinduced obstruction of the OC; and decreased vascular perfusion to the OC.…”

Section: F Postradiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Patel

Holbrook

Turner

et al. 2022

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background:The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the past year. There is substantial variability in the quality of this literature and a need to consolidate and critically review the evidence. It is with that aim that we have gathered experts from around the world to produce this International Consensus on Allergy and Rhinology: Olfaction (ICAR:O). Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to olfaction. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review, or evidence-based review with recommendations format as dictated by available evidence and scope within the ICAR:O document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:O document was integrated and reviewed by all authors for final consensus. Results:The ICAR:O document reviews nearly 100 separate topics within the realm of olfaction, including diagnosis, epidemiology, disease burden, diagnosis, testing, etiology, treatment, and associated pathologies. Conclusion:This critical review of the existing clinical olfaction literature provides much needed insight and clarity into the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with olfactory dysfunction, while also clearly delineating gaps in our knowledge and evidence base that we should investigate further.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Postradiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Postradiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Patel

Holbrook

Turner

et al. 2022

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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“…Exposure to X-rays increased nasal irrigation and obstruction along with hyposmia in patients subjected to chemoradiation, with no differences reported between conventional radiotherapy and IMRT [100]. Moreover, IMRT increased the incidence of olfactory alterations and rhinosinusitis in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer [101], which was found to be associated with the extent of the tumour and nasal irrigation [102].…”

Section: Dysosmiamentioning

confidence: 98%

Radiation-induced neuropathies in head and neck cancer: prevention and treatment modalities

Azzam¹,

Mroueh²,

Francis³

et al. 2020

ecancer

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Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common human malignancy with a global incidence of 650,000 cases per year. Radiotherapy (RT) is commonly used as an effective therapy to treat tumours as a definitive or adjuvant treatment. Despite the substantial advances in RT contouring and dosage delivery, patients suffer from various radiation-induced complications, among which are toxicities to the nervous tissues in the head and neck area. Radiation-mediated neuropathies manifest as a result of increased oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis, neuroinflammation and altered cellular function in the nervous tissues. Eventually, molecular damage results in the formation of fibrotic tissues leading to susceptible loss of function of numerous neuronal substructures. Neuropathic sequelae following irradiation in the head and neck area include sensorineural hearing loss, alterations in taste and smell functions along with brachial plexopathy, and cranial nerves palsies. Numerous management options are available to relieve radiation-associated neurotoxicities notwithstanding treatment alternatives that remain restricted with limited benefits. In the scope of this review, we discuss the use of variable management and therapeutic modalities to palliate common radiation-induced neuropathies in head and neck cancers.

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“…Wang et al . described the olfactory change after intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.…”

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confidence: 99%

Editorial

Poetker¹

2015

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Olfactory change after intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Abstract: Our results showed that the olfactory function of NPC patients was mildly impaired after IMRT, which can cause rhinosinusitis.

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Radiation-induced neuropathies in head and neck cancer: prevention and treatment modalities

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