Oligocene-Miocene sequence stratigraphy in the northern margin of the South China Sea: An example from Taiwan

Lin, A. T.; Yang, Ching‐Chieh; Wang, Ming Huei; Wu, J.

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2021.104765

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The sedimentary layering in our inversion result is similar in comparison to borehole data from Lin et al. (2021). The borehole DA3 is located in the south of our transect (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Field and Synthetic Waveform Tests on Using Large‐Offset Seismic Streamer Data to Derive Shallow Seabed Shear‐Wave Velocity and Geotechnical Properties

Wege

Legendre

Chi

et al. 2022

Earth and Space Science

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Characterizing properties of marine subsurface sediment helps with siting for offshore infrastructure. Shear‐wave velocity (Vs) provides information on the geotechnical properties of the seabed. We present our initial efforts to obtain a detailed two‐dimensional model of Vs for a large‐offset multi‐channel seismic (MCS) transect collected in shallow waters across the Taiwan Strait using surface waves excited by a large volume airgun. We derived the dispersion curves of the Scholte waves along the 37.5‐km‐long transect using the phase‐shift method and then conducted multimodal inversion to obtain a Vs model down to a depth of 150 m. To estimate the dynamic Poisson's ratio across the transect, we combined the Vs model with a compressional wave velocity model derived from the traditional MCS semblance velocity analysis. Lastly, we approximated the seismic attenuation of the profile. Our results show a large lateral variation in shear‐wave velocity. In the north, a low‐velocity zone with shear‐wave velocities of about 150 m/s was identified, while in the south, the shear‐wave velocity was found to be 300 m/s. With synthetic data, several sensitivity tests were performed to derive optimal parameters for offshore large‐offset streamer data. We particularly focused on the depth of the streamer and source and the water depth in combination with different seabed properties. Our results show that we can robustly derive the shear‐wave velocity, along with the Poisson's ratio, using large‐offset streamer data elsewhere based on the criteria we have tested using field and synthetic data sets.

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“…The sedimentary layering in our inversion result is similar in comparison to borehole data from Lin et al. (2021). The borehole DA3 is located in the south of our transect (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Field and Synthetic Waveform Tests on Using Large‐Offset Seismic Streamer Data to Derive Shallow Seabed Shear‐Wave Velocity and Geotechnical Properties

Wege

Legendre

Chi

et al. 2022

Earth and Space Science

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“…The continental crust of the NE SCS Margin is characterized by contrasting crustal architectures. North of the A fault zone (AFZ) (Figure 1C), the crust is thick (> 25 km) (Gozzard et al, 2019;Lester et al, 2014;Lin et al, 2021) and likely composed of Paleo-to Mesozoic metamorphic and igneous rock assemblage overlaid by Mesozoic (meta)sediments (Chen et al, 2010;Lin et al, 2003;Lin and Chen, 2016;Taylor and Hayes, 1983). In this area, several isolated Paleocene to Eocene rift basins (i.e., Penghu, Taihsi, and Nanjihtao) (Lin et al, 2003) occur, characterizing the Northern Rift System (NRS) of the Proximal Margin (Figure 1C).…”

Section: The Structure Of the Ne Scs Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal structure of the Northeast South China Sea rifted margin

Vargas,

Tugend,

Mohn

et al. 2024

Preprint

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We investigate the crustal structure of the NE South China Sea (SCS) margin to constrain its crustal thickness and basement nature with implications for the Mesozoic and Cenozoic evolution of the SCS. First-order interfaces interpreted from seismic reflection data were integrated into a 3D gravity inversion scheme to determine Moho depth and crustal thickness variations. A joint inversion of seismic and gravity data allowed us to determine crustal density variations along 2D profiles. The distal margin is divided into two distinct crustal domains: the Southern Rift System (SRS), and Southern High (SH). The SRS shows an extremely thinned continental crust on top of which thick Cenozoic sequences are observed. It is separated from the oceanic crust (~ 6 to 8 km thick) by the SH, a comparatively thicker crust (~ 10 to 15 km thick) with numerous magmatic additions. The distal NE SCS margin formed during the Cenozoic rifting of the SCS. The crust of the SH likely corresponds to a polygenic crust, recording polyphase magmatic activity since the Mesozoic, with potentially significant activity during Cenozoic post-rift time. The NE SCS margin is conjugate to Palawan, whose basement is interpreted to be part of the exotic Luconia microcontinent that collided with Eurasia during the Late Cretaceous. Basement similarities between Palawan and the SH are highlighted, suggesting that the latter might also be part of Luconia. Our results suggest that the suture between Eurasia and Luconia might have acted as a preferred zone for the Cenozoic rift development.

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“…The studied section of the Cholan Formation crops out in the Western Foothills (Figure 1A,B,C). The Western Foothills consist of fold‐and‐thrust belts that expose pre‐collisional and post‐collisional rocks deposited in passive margin, rift, post‐rift and foreland basin stages of the Eurasian Plate margin/WFB (Lin et al, 2003, 2021; Lin & Watts, 2002; Mouthereau et al, 2002).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WFB has been studied extensively for its geodynamic evolution (Mouthereau et al, 2001; Nagel et al, 2018; Simoes & Avouac, 2006), stratigraphy (Chen et al, 2001; Covey, 1984, 1986; Huang et al, 2002; Lee, 1963; Lin et al, 2003, 2007, 2021), magneto‐biostratigraphy (Chang & Chi, 1983; Chi & Huang, 1981; Horng & Shea, 1996, 2007; Huang, 1976), palaeogeography (Nagel et al, 2013), provenance (Chen et al, 2019; Hsieh et al, 2022; Huang et al, 2022; Nagel et al, 2014) and palaeoclimate conditions (Vaucher et al, 2021, 2023). Depositional dynamics and processes have also been assessed at a range of scales (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storm‐flood‐dominated delta succession in the Pleistocene Taiwan Strait

Vaucher

Dillinger

Hsieh

et al. 2023

The Depositional Record

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Storm‐flood‐dominated deltas are sedimentary systems in which a complex interplay of hydrodynamic processes occurs during storms (e.g. tropical cyclones) due to the coeval action of continental and oceanic processes. This paper reports on a superbly exposed, 135.5 m thick stratigraphic succession of the Pleistocene Cholan Formation exposed along the Da'an River, Taiwan. The sedimentary succession comprises alternating mudstone and sandstone, is mostly fine‐grained, and exhibits multiple event beds that record deposition during tropical cyclones and post‐depositional deformation features produced during earthquakes. Detailed facies analyses reveal that deposition towards the base of the succession occurred in the palaeo‐Taiwan Strait in storm‐flood‐dominated prodelta and delta‐front environments passing upwards into delta‐plain environments. Tropical cyclone beds are encountered throughout the subaqueous storm‐flood delta successions, and are identified by (i) trough cross‐stratified sandstone bedsets with erosive bases that contain both mud clasts and mudstone beds, (ii) sandstone with aggrading wave ripples and (iii) hummocky cross‐stratified sandstone with rare gutter casts filled with coal fragments and shell remains. Tropical cyclone deposits are either top‐down burrowed or capped by massive or laminated mudstone. Seismites are rare and are mainly recognised through soft‐sediment deformation of beds; they do not show evidence of slope failure. Compared to storm‐flood delta successions described elsewhere, the Cholan Formation shows significantly fewer oscillatory‐generated sedimentary structures and gutter casts. This difference is attributed to the Cholan Formation being deposited in and along the margin of a strait characterised by strong shore‐parallel currents and relatively small storm waves due to its position between Taiwan and mainland China. This study refines depositional process interpretations of the Cholan Formation, provides criteria for recognising storm‐flood delta deposits in tectonically active straits with multiple sediment sources fed by steep drainages and short river catchments, and provides additional criteria for recognising tropical cyclone deposits in shallow‐marine settings.

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Oligocene-Miocene sequence stratigraphy in the northern margin of the South China Sea: An example from Taiwan

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Field and Synthetic Waveform Tests on Using Large‐Offset Seismic Streamer Data to Derive Shallow Seabed Shear‐Wave Velocity and Geotechnical Properties

Field and Synthetic Waveform Tests on Using Large‐Offset Seismic Streamer Data to Derive Shallow Seabed Shear‐Wave Velocity and Geotechnical Properties

Crustal structure of the Northeast South China Sea rifted margin

Storm‐flood‐dominated delta succession in the Pleistocene Taiwan Strait

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