Oligometastatic disease from differentiated thyroid cancer: best treatment schemes

Abstract

Purpose of review Patients with slowly progressive and/or symptomatic oligometastatic radioactive iodine refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) are candidates to receive locoregional treatment to delay the start of systemic therapy with multikinase inhibitors. Information provided by the recent literature has not been extensively reviewed in previous published works, thus we aim to bridge this gap. Recent findings We present for each metastatic site the different locoregional treatment options, contraindications and potential adverse events. Some techniques can be combined together, whereas others are discouraged in certain situations, requiring a high level of expertise and multidisciplinarity in the treatment algorithm. Summary Different techniques of radiation therapy and interventional radiology allow to control the metastatic spread. However, as no clinical trials are available to compare the treatment schemes in terms of safety and potential impact on the prognosis, the most appropriate option for each patient should be selected within a multidisciplinary decision making, taking into account the clinical conditions and the pattern/rapidity of metastatic disease.

Brain Metastases from Thyroid Carcinoma: Prognostic Factors and Outcome

“…The prevalence of BM in patients with TC was rare in our study (less than 1%) which was in keeping with published previous studies [2,13]. BM from TC, however, were reported more frequently in the last few years [25][26][27]. This increase is likely due to the more frequent use of cranial imaging and also to a longer survival in patients with advanced disease.…”