Oligosaccharides and polysaccharides specifically utilizable by Bifidobacteria.

Yazawa, Kentaro; Imai, Kazuhiro; Tamura, Zenzo

doi:10.1248/cpb.26.3306

Cited by 107 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Most current attention and successes have been derived using non-digestible oligosaccharides, especially those that contain fructose, xylose, galactose, glucose and mannose (Gibson and Roberfroid, 1995;Gibson, 1998). It has been reported that oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are specifically utilizable by bifidobacteria (Yazawa et al, 1978). And the prebiotic characteristics of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in this regard for humans, have been well demonstrated (Gibson, 1998).…”

Section: Modulation Of the Intestinal Microbial Community By Dietary mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the commensal gut microbial community in broiler chickens

Verstegen

Tamminga

et al. 2005

World's Poultry Science Journal

239

162

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To understand the relationship between the gastrointestinal inhabiting microbial community and broiler health, a literature review is presented. The available information on the development of gut microbial community, the relationship between commensal microflora and digestive function, the role of gut microorganisms on competitive exclusion of chickens against pathogens, and modulation of the gut microbial community by addition of prebiotics to the diet is summarized. Gut dominant microbial communities become more complex as broilers grow older. The establishment of the dominant bacterial community is affected by dietary and host-related factors. Dietary prebiotics can modulate bacterial community shift towards non-harmful bacteria, which is beneficial for the health of broiler chickens. Gut commensal microorganisms play an important role in the prevention of colonization by pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens, a process known as competitive exclusion. In conclusion, the dilemma caused by the forthcoming ban of antibiotics feed additives and need to maintain the intestinal health of broiler chickens, has produced an enormous interest in finding alternatives. Modulating the intestinal microbial community in a healthy direction, by dietary ingredients such as prebiotics, could be a good solution.

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Section: Modulation Of the Intestinal Microbial Community By Dietary mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the commensal gut microbial community in broiler chickens

Verstegen

Tamminga

et al. 2005

World's Poultry Science Journal

239

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Probiotics are live microbial adjuncts which affect the host by modifying the microbial community of gastrointestinal tract and subsequently improve feed utilization, nutritional value and resistance against pathogens (Irianto andAustin 2002, Vershuere et al 2000). Also, prebiotics are attributed to substrates that promote selectively the growth one or number of bacterial community in gut (Yazawa et al 1978;Roberfroid 1995, Mahious andOllevier 2005;Dimitroglou et al 2011). It was suggested that simultaneous use of probiotics and prebiotics under general title of Synbiotics can be more efficient than applying them alone (Chou et al 1991;Hagi and Hoshino 2009;Lauzon et al 2010a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synbiotic (Biomin imbo) alters gut bacterial microflora of Russian sturgeon, Acipenser guldenstadti (Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833) in a time-dependent pattern

Vaezi

Khara

Shenavar³

2015

J Parasit Dis

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“…Signi®cantly, however, these substances are fermented to varying degrees by intestinal bacteria [18,19]. Evidence for speci®c utilisation of FOS by bi®dobacteria has been derived from pure culture work [18,20] with several strains of bi®dobacteria, while the bi®dogenicity of oligofructose and inulin has been con®rmed in experiments with human volunteers [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of genotoxic enzyme activities by non-digestible oligosaccharide metabolism in in-vitro human gut bacterial ecosystems

McBain¹,

Macfarlane

2001

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Supplementation of the human diet with prebiotic substances such as inulin and nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDO), e.g., galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), has been associated with various health bene®ts. However, little information is available regarding the spatial location of their metabolism in human gut bacterial ecosystems. Therefore, the present study investigated the metabolism of inulin and GOS with respect to bacterial growth, bi®dobacterial stimulatory properties and anti-mutagenicity potential, in a three-stage continuous culture model of the colon which reproduces the physicochemical characteristics of the proximal (V1) and distal (V2, V3) colons. Fermentation of both carbohydrates was rapid, and occurred primarily in V1, as evidenced by acid formation. Inulin metabolism was associated with 10-fold stimulation of lactobacillus populations, together with smaller increases in bi®dobacterial cell counts in V1. However, peptostreptococci, enterococci and Clostridium perfringens also increased in this fermentation vessel. In contrast, GOS was only weakly bi®dogenic in V1, although these bacteria did proliferate in V2. GOS also increased lactobacilli by an order of magnitude in V1. However, overall changes in microbial populations resulting from inulin or GOS addition were minimal in V2 and V3. Potential bene®cial effects of inulin metabolism included minor reductions in â-glucosidase and â-glucuronidase, whereas GOS strongly suppressed these enzymes, together with arylsulphatase (AS). Growth of putatively health promoting micro-organisms was not only associated with reductions in enzymes linked to genotoxicity. For example, both carbohydrates stimulated synthesis of nitroreductase and azoreductase, throughout the fermentation system, while inulin increased AS. Colonic transit time is an important factor in bacterial metabolism in the large bowel, and these data suggest that, in some circumstances, NDO fermentation will occur principally in the proximal colon.

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Oligosaccharides and polysaccharides specifically utilizable by Bifidobacteria.

Cited by 107 publications

References 0 publications

The role of the commensal gut microbial community in broiler chickens

The role of the commensal gut microbial community in broiler chickens

Synbiotic (Biomin imbo) alters gut bacterial microflora of Russian sturgeon, Acipenser guldenstadti (Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833) in a time-dependent pattern

Modulation of genotoxic enzyme activities by non-digestible oligosaccharide metabolism in in-vitro human gut bacterial ecosystems

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