Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of gene expression

Price, Pamela T.; Nelson, Carolanne M.; Clarke, Steven D.

doi:10.1097/00041433-200002000-00002

Cited by 188 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In terms of the mechanism in plasma triglyceride lowering effect, a decrease in hepatic VLDL output has been attributed to increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation and a decreased rate of lipogenesis (23,24). EPA and DHA have been shown to be ligands for nuclear receptors such as PPAR-alpha (23,24,25) and sterol regulatory element binding proteins (23,26), which modulate the expression of key genes in these metabolic processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Meyer

Lane

Mann

2009

Lipids

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Comparison of seal oil to tuna oil on plasma lipid levels and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects AbstractAs meat is a rich source of the omega-3 fatty acid docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and Australians consume six times more meat than fish, investigation of the potential health benefit of DPA is warranted. The aims were to compare the effects of seal oil supplementation with fish oil, on measures of plasma lipids and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. Forty-eight volunteers were recruited from the Wollongong community and were randomly allocated to one of three groups either receiving 1 g/day of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) using one of three oils: seal oil capsules (340 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 230 mg DPA, 450 mg DHA), fish oil capsules (210 mg EPA, 30 mg DPA, 810 mg DHA) or placebo capsules (containing sunola oil) for 6 weeks. Plasma triglycerides remained unchanged in the placebo group, whilst reductions of 7 and 14% (P\0.05) were seen in the fish oil and seal oil groups respectively. Systolic blood pressure improved by 8 and 5 mmHg with seal oil and fish oil respectively (P\0.05). The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower after seal oil supplementation (P\0.005) compared with the placebo group. These results indicate that seal oil is as effective as fish oil in lowering plasma triglycerides and blood pressure. AbstractAs meat is a rich source of the omega-3 fatty acid docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and Australians consume 6 times more meat than fish, investigation of the potential health benefit of DPA is warranted. The aims were to compare the effects of seal oil supplementation with fish oil, on measures of plasma lipids and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. Forty-eight volunteers were recruited from the Wollongong community and were randomly allocated to one of three groups receiving 1g/d of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) using one of three oils: seal oil capsules (340mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 230mg DPA, 450mg DHA), fish oil capsules (210mg EPA, 30mg DPA, 810mg DHA) or placebo capsules (containing sunola oil) for 6 weeks. Plasma triglycerides remained unchanged in the placebo group, whilst reductions of 7% and 14% (p<0.05) were seen in the fish oil and seal oil groups respectively. Systolic blood pressure improved by 8 and 5 mmHg with seal oil and fish oil respectively (p<0.05).The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower after seal oil supplementation (p<0.005) compared with the placebo group. These results indicate that seal oil is as effective as fish oil in lowering plasma triglycerides and blood pressure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPA and DHA have been shown to be ligands for nuclear receptors such as PPAR-alpha (23,24,25) and sterol regulatory element binding proteins (23,26), which modulate the expression of key genes in these metabolic processes. Now DPA may also be involved in these processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Meyer

Lane

Mann

2009

Lipids

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“…Among the transcription factors known to bind to DHA are the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPAR) (56) and the retinoic acid X nuclear receptor (57). The interaction with PPAR may be potentially important because of these transcription factors' role in regulating inflammation (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic Acid Ameliorates Murine Ischemic Acute Renal Failure and Prevents Increases in mRNA Abundance for both TNF-α and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Kielar¹,

Jeyarajah²,

Zhou³

et al. 2003

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Abstract. This study demonstrates that intraperitoneal injections of DHA (all cis 4,7,10,13,16,19 docosahexaenoic acid C22: n-3) bound to bovine serum albumin ameliorate murine acute renal failure (ARF) induced by temporary occlusion of the renal artery. Three micromoles of DHA decreased serum creatinine (Scr) from 2.3 mg/dl to 1.1 mg/dl 24 h after reperfusion (n ϭ 15; P Ͻ 0.05). Scr of the treated animals were significantly lower than controls throughout a 7-d time course. Although lower doses of DHA were less effective, higher doses were not more effective. Ribonuclease (RNase) protection assays showed that ischemia increased mRNA abundance for TNF-␣ and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) at 24 h. This increase was prevented by DHA administration. Because TNF-␣ and iNOS contribute to renal ischemic injury, their inhibition may contribute to DHA's salutary effect. In addition, the data may have therapeutic implications, because the DHA improves ARF even when administered at 4 h after reperfusion.

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“…ND: not detected. Table 5 Percent of radioactivity recovered in n-6 desaturation and elongation metabolites of [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] desaturase activity for any substrate and a corresponding absence of mRNA, but, with signi¢cant v-5 desaturase activity and its mRNA, are the ¢rst to suggest that v-5 and v-6 desaturase genes have, at least in part, independent control mechanisms. However, our data are not su¤cient to distinguish between direct transcriptional control or RNA transcript stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent reports have also proposed that certain activators (i.e. Wy14643) of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor isoform K coordinately induce the transcription and mRNA abundance of both v-5 and v-6 desaturases [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and mRNA abundance of Δ‐5 and Δ‐6 fatty acid desaturases in two human cell lines

Antueno¹,

Allen²,

Ponton³

et al. 2001

FEBS Letters

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We analyzed fatty acid biosynthesis in Chang and ZR-75-1 cells. Both cell lines could desaturate and further elongate substrates for v v-5 desaturase. ZR-75-1 but not Chang cells showed v v-6 desaturation of 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, 24:4n-6 and 24:5n-3. In both cell lines, the mRNA abundance can be related to v v-5 or v v-6 fatty acid desaturase activities. These results suggest that desaturase genes could have, at least in part, independent control mechanisms and that v v-6 desaturase impairment is not specific to any particular step of the fatty acid metabolic pathways, which may diminish the rationale for the existence of at least two distinct enzymes. ß

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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of gene expression

Cited by 188 publications

References 44 publications

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Docosahexaenoic Acid Ameliorates Murine Ischemic Acute Renal Failure and Prevents Increases in mRNA Abundance for both TNF-α and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Activity and mRNA abundance of Δ‐5 and Δ‐6 fatty acid desaturases in two human cell lines

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