Omeprazole as a risk factor for campylobacter gastroenteritis: case-control study

Neal, Keith; Scott, Helen; Slack, R. C. B.; Logan, Richard F.

doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7028.414

Cited by 148 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Stomach acid inhibitors are used to treat a variety of conditions (13), but this drug class increases the risk of acquiring Campylobacter, Giardia, and Salmonella species infections (3,17,18) and increases susceptibility to listeriosis in animal models (20). Furthermore, the incidence of L. monocytogenes bacteremia in England closely mirrors overall prescribing patterns for proton pump inhibitors in England (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Presentation in Relation to Infection Foci for Non-Pregnancy-Associated Human Listeriosis in England and Wales, 2001 to 2007

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Presentation in Relation to Infection Foci for Non-Pregnancy-Associated Human Listeriosis in England and Wales, 2001 to 2007

et al. 2009

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“…Furthermore, a decreased gastric acidity, for example following proton pump inhibitor consumption, has been shown to be a risk factor [106]. A few local complications have been documented such as appendicitis, peritonitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis or pancreatitis but are extremely rare.…”

Section: Enteric Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campylobacter

et al. 2005

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-Species within the genus, Campylobacter, have emerged over the last three decades as significant clinical pathogens, particularly of human public health concern, where the majority of acute bacterial enteritis in the Western world is due to these organisms. Of particular concern are the species, C. jejuni and C. coli, which are responsible for most of these gastrointestinal-related infections. Although these organisms have already emerged as causative agents of zoonoses, several aspects of their epidemiology and pathophysiology are only beginning to emerge. Trends in increasing antibiotic resistance are beginning to emerge with oral antibiotics, which may be the drug of choice for when it is necessary to intervene chemotherapeutically. This review wishes to examine (i) emerging clinical aspects of the disease, such as Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS), (ii) the association between these organisms and poultry as a natural host, (iii) environmental aspects of Campylobacter epidemiology, (iv) the emergence of atypical campylobacters (v) emerging trends in antibiotic resistance, (vi) adoption of modern methods for the detection of campylobacters.

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“…Elevated gastric pH secondary to PPIs administration is associated with infectious diarrhoea, including salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis, and cholera [14,15]. CD spores are acid resistant while vegetative forms are susceptible to acidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Favouring the Development of Clostridium Difficile Infection in Critically Ill Patients

Grigorescu

Fodor

Cioc³

et al. 2016

The Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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Clostridium difficile, an anaerobic, spore-forming, toxin-forming, gram-positive bacillus present in the bacterial flora of the colon is the principal cause of nosocomial diarrhoea in adults. Aim: Assessment of favouring factors of Clostridium difficile infections as well as the interactions between them, in critically ill hospitalized patients undergoing complex medical and surgical treatments. Material and Methods: A retrospective case-control study involving eighty patients admitted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the County Clinical Emergency Hospital Tîrgu-Mureş was conducted between January and October 2014. Patients aged eighteen years and over, who had undergone complex medical and surgical treatment, were divided into two subgroups. Group 1 included patients who developed diarrhoea but were not diagnosed as having a Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Group 2 included patients who developed diarrhoea due to CDI as indicated by a positive culture and the expression of exotoxin. The assessed parameters were age, length of stay (LOS), antibiotic spectrum, association with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) or H2-receptor antagonists, immunological status, the presence or lack of gastrointestinal tract surgery. Results: The mean age was 64.6 years with an average LOS of 10 days. Fifty-six percent of patients came to the ICU from internal medicine wards and forty-three percent from surgical wards. 20.5% of them were immunosuppressed. Co-association of ceftriaxone and pantoprazole significantly increased the risk of CDI compared to co-administration of any other antibiotic or pantoprazole (p=0.01). The odds ratio for Pantoprazole together with any antibiotic versus antibiotic therapy alone was significantly higher (p=0.018) with a sevenfold increase in the risk of positive exotoxin increase. Conclusions: Antibiotic use is associated with "no risk to develop CDI" in the first five days of administration. PPIs associated therapy increased the risk of CDI in first seventy-two hours regardless of the antibiotic type, and contributes to an active expression of CD exotoxin.

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Omeprazole as a risk factor for campylobacter gastroenteritis: case-control study

Cited by 148 publications

References 3 publications

Disease Presentation in Relation to Infection Foci for Non-Pregnancy-Associated Human Listeriosis in England and Wales, 2001 to 2007

Disease Presentation in Relation to Infection Foci for Non-Pregnancy-Associated Human Listeriosis in England and Wales, 2001 to 2007

Campylobacter

Factors Favouring the Development of Clostridium Difficile Infection in Critically Ill Patients

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