On Analyzing Beamforming Implementation in O-RAN 5G

Mohsin, Mustafa; Batalla, Jordi Mongay; Pallis, Evangelos; Mastorakis, George; Markakis, Evangelos K.; Mavromoustakis, Constandinos X.

doi:10.3390/electronics10172162

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We will discuss the benefits of beamforming in Section 6. O-RAN Alliance architecture specifies that the beamforming commands are implemented between O-DU and O-RU [32,66]. O-RAN has included the digital, the analog, and the hybrid beamforming technologies in its specifications.…”

Section: O-rumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…O-RAN has included the digital, the analog, and the hybrid beamforming technologies in its specifications. O-RAN Alliance also proposed four methods for beamforming, which are predefined-beam, weight-based dynamic, attribute-based dynamic, and channel information-based beamforming method [63,66].…”

Section: O-rumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The beamforming process has become one of the solutions to reduce total power consumption in joint optimization schemes [86]. It was made to decrease the number of BBUs required to handle network traffic, maximize the total input from users by defining physical resource blocks, enhance the precision of radio connection, and increase throughput and number of parallel connections in a given cell area [66,86]. It can also minimize energy costs in mobile cloud and network considering QoS.…”

Section: O-ran Alliance Architecture Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Survey on Open Radio Access Networks: Challenges, Research Directions, and Open Source Approaches

Azariah,

Bimo,

Lin

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The open radio access network (RAN) aims to bring openness and intelligence to the traditional closed and proprietary RAN technology and offer flexibility, performance improvement, and cost-efficiency in the RAN’s deployment and operation. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the Open RAN development. We briefly summarize the RAN evolution history and the state-of-the-art technologies applied to Open RAN. The Open RAN-related projects, activities, and standardization is then discussed. We then summarize the challenges and future research directions required to support the Open RAN. Finally, we discuss some solutions to tackle these issues from the open source perspective.

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Section: O-rumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: O-rumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: O-ran Alliance Architecture Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey on Open Radio Access Networks: Challenges, Research Directions, and Open Source Approaches

Azariah,

Bimo,

Lin

et al. 2024

Sensors

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“…According to the NR standard, the SS burst duration is set to T ssb = [5] ms. This allows for a total of 32 SS blocks to be transmitted simultaneously in one direction [65]. Thus, using hybrid beamforming with 64 non-overlapping beams in two directions, the expected time for scanning and measuring a single beam can be written as…”

Section: B Beam Sweeping Latencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydra Radio Access Network (H-RAN): Multi-Functional Communications and Sensing Networks, Initial Access Implementation, Task-1 Approach

Abd,

Findley,

Soon Kim

2024

IEEE Access

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Next-generation sensor and radio access networks (NG-SRANs) namely, Hydra radio access networks (H-RANs) represent a significant evolution in the telecommunications and sensor ecosystem landscape in anticipation of 6G deployment and beyond. H-RAN's vision derives its strength from integrating various technologies and networks into a single central network with the widespread incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies throughout the network. As a result, H-RAN's unique features and characteristics can serve as a baseline for innovating new applications and significantly enhance the overall functions of conventional open radio access networks (O-RANs). However, among the many improvements and innovations that the H-RAN architecture promises in its functionality, this paper focuses on the initial access implementation "task 1 " approach. Our solution contains several novelties that enhance both overhead and model accuracy. To this end, we define a novel intelligent perception network inspired by the knowledge distribution idea for collaborative H-RAN networks. We develop sparse multi-task learning (SMTL) as part of the AI/ML D-engine for federated learning to perform multiple tasks simultaneously. The SMTL is designed to select the optimal solution from a list of recommended solutions, namely "tasks". In the simulation, figures of merit include metrics such as top-k validation accuracy, beam selection accuracy, throughput ratios, beam sweep time, latency, and initial access times, which are used to evaluate the performance and efficiency of the proposed technologies. Simulation results demonstrate that by exploiting contextual information from distributed collaborative SRUs, and UE sends its own sensing information via a physical random-access channel in addition to using SMTL, our H-RAN-based initial access scheme can achieve 82.9% throughput of an exhaustive beam search (EBS) based-O-RAN network without any beam search overhead and 96.7% by searching among as few as 5 beams. Compared to the conventional MMW 5G-NR solution, our proposed method significantly minimizes the beam search time needed to reach the desired throughput. INDEX TERMSHydra Radio Access Network (H-RAN), Multi-functional networks, Perceptive networks, heterogeneous data, AI/ML engines, Collaborative-based approach, Sparse multi-task learning (SMTL), Initial access.

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“…Similarly, resource allocation methods that enable frequency reuse and interference avoidance for the BFWA system were investigated in [64][65][66][67] to improve the system performance. Furthermore, to ensure effective implementation of beamforming in the open RAN (O-RAN), the main research challenges are presented in [68]. In this regard, different beamforming techniques in O-RAN were analyzed for ultra-reliable low-latency communications.…”

Section: Enabling Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Enhanced Mobile Broadband Communications: A Tutorial on Enabling Technologies, Design Considerations, and Prospects of 5G and beyond Fixed Wireless Access Networks

et al. 2021

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There has been a growing interconnection across the world owing to various multimedia applications and services. Fixed wireless access (FWA) is an attractive wireless solution for delivering multimedia services to different homes. With the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond mobile networks, the FWA performance can be enhanced significantly. However, their implementation will present different challenges on the transport network due to the incessant increase in the number of required cell-sites and the subsequent increase in the per-site requirements. This paper presents a comprehensive tutorial on the enabling technologies, design considerations, requirements, and prospects of broadband schemes. Furthermore, the related technical challenges of FWA are reviewed, and we proffer potential solutions to address them. Besides, we review various transport network options that can be employed for FWA deployment. In this regard, we offer an in-depth discussion on their related requirements for different use cases. Moreover, we give an insight into the 3GPP RAN functional split implementations and implications on the 5G FWA transport network solutions. The concepts of virtualized RANs for attending flexibly to the dynamic nature of different use cases are also presented.

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On Analyzing Beamforming Implementation in O-RAN 5G

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

A Survey on Open Radio Access Networks: Challenges, Research Directions, and Open Source Approaches

A Survey on Open Radio Access Networks: Challenges, Research Directions, and Open Source Approaches

Hydra Radio Access Network (H-RAN): Multi-Functional Communications and Sensing Networks, Initial Access Implementation, Task-1 Approach

Towards Enhanced Mobile Broadband Communications: A Tutorial on Enabling Technologies, Design Considerations, and Prospects of 5G and beyond Fixed Wireless Access Networks

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