On artherogenic index of plasma in sickle cell anaemia patients

Abstract

Introduction Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is an inherited abnormality of haemoglobin associated with reduced life expectancy. Patients' complications include dyslipideamia. This study was aimed at determining the artherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in sickle cell anaemia patients and compares the value to HbAA controls value. A high AIP is strongly predictive of elevated cardiovascular risk. Methods A comparative study was conducted among SCA patients attending the haematology clinic, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) and HbAA Phenotype controls. A total of 304 participants were recruited consisting of equal numbers of SCA and HbAA controls. Single lipid profiles were done; logarithms of triglycerides/high density lipoprotein were calculated to obtain AIP and lipid profile ratios established for all participants. Results There were lower mean values of Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein(HDL) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) amongst SCD participants than controls and higher mean values of triglycerides (TG) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) in SCD p < 0.05. The AIP in SCD ranges from -0.62 to 1.32 while that of controls ranges from -0.56 to 0.61.The mean AIP were 0.14 ± 0.29 and -0.009 ± 0.26 in SCD and controls respectively. P value = 0.002. Conclusion AIP value is higher in sickle cell anaemia than controls, the former have lower mean values of TC, HDL and LDL and higher mean values of TG and VLDL.

CETP gene polymorphisms and haplotypes are explanatory variables for HDL cholesterol level in sickle cell disease

“…Dyslipidemia has been considered one of the subphenotypes of SCD, with hypocholesterolemia being a common characteristic in this population, differently than individuals without SCD ( 7 , 23 , 27 , 28 ). The mechanism for this change is not clear, but inflammation, oxidative stress, and chronic hemolysis have been indicated as involved factors ( 4 , 23 ).…”

“…The observation of the lowest Hb levels and the highest nitric oxide metabolites in individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) with low HDL-C levels (HDL-C <40 mg/dL) ( 6 ) suggests that hypocholesterolemia may be related to pathophysiological factors of the disease itself, such as high erythropoietic activity because of the increased demand for cholesterol ( 7 ). Hemolysis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in SCD cause reduction in HDL-C and Apo A1 levels, and it has been suggested that this is due to dysfunction and slowed functioning of the reverse cholesterol transport ( 4 ).…”

Nutriphytochemical Profiling and Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Index in Malarial Infected Mice Treated with Ethanol Root Extract of Phyllanthus Amarus

“…The higher the HDR, the more risk. AIP< 0.11 low risk, 0.11-0.21 moderate or intermediate risk, >0.21 increased risk for humans[21]…”