On detecting termination in cognitive radio networks

Abstract

SUMMARYThe cognitive radio networks are an emerging wireless communication and computing paradigm. The cognitive radio nodes execute computations on multiple heterogeneous channels in the absence of licensed users (a.k.a. primary users) of those bands. The termination detection is a fundamental and non-trivial problem in distributed systems. In this paper, we propose a termination detection protocol for multi-hop cognitive radio networks where the cognitive radio nodes are allowed to tune to channels that are not currently occupied by primary users and to move to different locations during the protocol execution. The proposed protocol applies a credit-distribution-and-aggregation approach and maintains a new kind of logical structure, called the virtual tree-like structure. The virtual tree-like structure helps in decreasing the latency involved in announcing termination. Unlike conventional tree structures, the virtual tree-like structure does not require a specific node to act as the root node that has to stay involved in the computation until termination announcement; hence, the root node may become idle soon after finishing its computation. Also, the protocol is able to detect the presence of licensed users and announce strong or weak termination, whichever is possible.

A survey on 5G: The next generation of mobile communication

“…A cognitive radio network (CRN) [16] is a collection of cognitive radio nodes (or processors), called secondary users (SUs) that exploit the existing spectrum opportunistically. The SUs have the LEIRA (learning, efficiency, intelligence, reliability, and adaptively) property for scanning and operating on multiple heterogeneous channels (or frequency bands) in the absence of the licensed user(s), termed as primary user(s) (PUs), of the respective bands [98]. Each PU has a fixed bandwidth, high transmit power, and high reliability; however, the SUs work on a broad range of bandwidth with low transmit power and low reliability.…”