On-line solid-phase reactors for unsegmented continuous-flow drug analysis

Calatayud, J. Martı́nez; Mateo, J. V. García

doi:10.1016/0165-9936(93)80007-7

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This includes simpler manifolds, improvement of the radial mass transference and possibly reaction with the highest concentration of the reagent. 21 This strategy has been exploited for both sample conversion and on-line reagent production. 21,22 Because only the necessary reagent amount is consumed, greener procedures are inherently achieved.…”

Section: Flow Systems With Solid-phase Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 This strategy has been exploited for both sample conversion and on-line reagent production. 21,22 Because only the necessary reagent amount is consumed, greener procedures are inherently achieved. Comprehensive reviews on the strategies for reagent immobilization and applications focusing on pharmaceutical 21 or inorganic analysis 22 have been presented.…”

Section: Flow Systems With Solid-phase Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,22 Because only the necessary reagent amount is consumed, greener procedures are inherently achieved. Comprehensive reviews on the strategies for reagent immobilization and applications focusing on pharmaceutical 21 or inorganic analysis 22 have been presented. As an example, a mini-column containing PbO 2 immobilized on polyester was employed for determination of metamizol (dypirone).…”

Section: Flow Systems With Solid-phase Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow analysis strategies to greener analytical chemistry. An overview

2001

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Section: Flow Systems With Solid-phase Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Systems With Solid-phase Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Systems With Solid-phase Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow analysis strategies to greener analytical chemistry. An overview

2001

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“…Columns packed with solid reagents have been employed to convert nitrate to nitrite 7 , ammonium to ammonia 8 etc. Also, reagents adsorbed on surface such as silica have been used to improve selectivity [9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of ion exchange resin for reagent immobilization and concentration in flow systems: determination of nickel in steel alloys and iron speciation in waters

Martelli¹,

Reis²,

Korn³

et al. 1997

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Neste trabalho, foi investigado o emprego de persulfato de potássio imobilizado em resina aniônica AG1-X8, como agente oxidante, na determinação espectrofotométrica de níquel em ligas metálicas, e na especiação de Fe (III)/Fe (II) em águas de rio, utilizando-se sistema de análise em fluxo. O diagrama de fluxo foi desenvolvido para que a oxidação da espécie de interesse e o recondicionamento da resina pudessem ser efetuados em linha. A determinação de níquel baseou-se no método da dimetilglioxima, apresentando uma freqüência analítica de 80 determinações por hora. Com este sistema, obteve-se um baixo consumo de reagentes, 10 mg (200 µL) de persulfato de potássio e 8,0 µg (133 µL) de dimetilglioxima por determinação. Para uma solução de amostra contendo 21,5% (m/m) de Ni, encontrou-se um desvio padrão relativo de 1% (n = 10). Aplicando-se o teste-t pareado, obteve-se uma concordância com 95% de confiança entre os resultados do sistema proposto e os obtidos com espectrofotometria de absorção atômica com chama. Na determinação de Fe (III), utilizou-se tiocianato de potássio como reagente cromogênico, alcançando-se uma frequência analítica de 60 determinações por hora. O método apresentou um consumo de reagentes de 3,5 mg (70 µL) persulfato de potássio e de 5,4 mg (270 µL) de tiocianato de potássio por determinação. O desvio padrão relativo calculado para uma solução de amostra contendo 3,17 mg L -1 de Fe (III) foi de 1,5% (n = 10). Os resultados empregando-se o método proposto para Fe (II) foram comparados com aqueles obtidos com o método espectrofotométrico, baseado na reação com 1,10 -fenantrolina, apresentando uma concordância com nível de confiança de 95%.Flow injection systems employing potassium peroxydisulphate as oxidizing reagent, immobilized on the anionic exchange resin AG1-X8 are proposed for spectrophotometric determination of nickel in steel alloys and for the speciation of iron (III)/iron (II) in waters. The flow networks were designed to provide facilities to perform on line analyte oxidation and resin reconditioning steps. The feasibility was ascertained by determining nickel in acid solutions of steel alloys and performing speciation of iron (III)/iron (II) in waters, using as chromogenic reagents dimethylglyoxime for nickel and potassium thiocyanate for iron. Profitable features such as a throughput of 80 and 60 samples per hour, 1.0 and 1.5% (n = 10) as relative standard deviations for nickel (21.5% m/m) and iron (III) (3.17 mg L -1 ), low reagents consumption (10 and 3.5 mg of potassium peroxydisulphate, 8.0 µg dimethylglyoxime and 5.4 mg of potassium thiocyanate, for nickel and iron, respectively) were observed. The accuracy for both procedures were ascertained by applying paried t-test between results obtained with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) for Ni and 1,10-phenantroline spectrophotometric method for Fe (II), and no significant difference at 95% confidence level were observed.

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“…Other advantages of solid-phase reactors over their counterparts in homogeneous systems have been described. 32,33 In the present work, we used four solid-phase reagents AgX, where X is Cl -, Br -, I…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of AgX (X = Cl−, Br−, I− and N3−) Solid-Phase Reactors for Flow-Injection Determination of Cyanide in Electroplating Wastewater

et al. 2008

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In this study, a rapid flow injection-flame atomic absorption spectrometry for cyanide detection was developed. Different AgX (where X is Cl -, Br -, I -and N3 -) solid-phase reagents (SPR) were tested for indirect determination of cyanide. In a single-line FIA system, the cyanide was allowed to react with AgX SPR, which in turn changed Ag ions in AgX to silver cyanide complexes in a sodium hydroxide carrier stream. The eluent containing the analyte as silver cyanide complexes was measured by FAAS. The calibration curve was linear up to 30 mg l -1 with a detection limit of 0.05 mg l -1 for cyanides. The sampling rate and the relative standard deviation were <1.09% and >200 h -1 , respectively. The method was applied to the determination of cyanide in electroplating wastewater.

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On-line solid-phase reactors for unsegmented continuous-flow drug analysis

Cited by 34 publications

References 29 publications

Flow analysis strategies to greener analytical chemistry. An overview

Flow analysis strategies to greener analytical chemistry. An overview

The use of ion exchange resin for reagent immobilization and concentration in flow systems: determination of nickel in steel alloys and iron speciation in waters

A Comparative Study of AgX (X = Cl−, Br−, I− and N3−) Solid-Phase Reactors for Flow-Injection Determination of Cyanide in Electroplating Wastewater

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