On the abundance and distribution of protozoa and their food in a productive freshwater pond

Finlay, Bland J.; Clarke, Ken J.; Cowling, Andrew J.; Hindle, Ruth M.; Rogerson, Andrew; Berninger, Ulrike-G.

doi:10.1016/s0932-4739(88)80037-3

Cited by 158 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In fact, diverse ciliates are now recognized as capable of completing their life cycles anaerobically (Fenchel and Finlay,199 1) . Anaerobic ciliates have been found in sediments (e.g., Fenchel, 1969;Finlay et al, 1988;Wagener et al, 1990) and also as planktonic organisms in both marine (e.g., Fenchel et al, 1990;Zubkov et al, 1992) and lacustrine systems (e.g., Finlay et al, 1991;Guhl and Finlay, 1993;Massana and Pedros-Alib, 1994). Moreover, ciliates living at and below the chemocline of the stratified Black Sea are thought to feed mostly on sulphide-oxidising bacteria (Zubkov et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for gammacerane as an indicator of water column stratification

Damsté

Kenig

Koopmans

et al. 1995

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

938

234

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Abstract-Anew route for the formation of gammacerane from tetmhymanol is proposed; in addition to dehydration and hydrogenation, sulphurisation and early C-S cleavage are shown to be important in the pathway of formation, especially in marine sediments. Evidence is twofold. First, relatively large amounts of the gammacerane skeleton are sequestered in S-rich macromolecular aggregates formed by natural sulphurisation of functionalised lipids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for gammacerane as an indicator of water column stratification

Damsté

Kenig

Koopmans

et al. 1995

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

938

234

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“…(Reisser 1986;Finlay et al 1988), with associations that range from transient to persistent facultative endosymbiosis (Stoecker et al 2009). Undoubtedly the best-characterized protistan endosymbiont host is the freshwater ciliate Paramecium bursaria.…”

Section: Paramecium and Chlorellamentioning

confidence: 99%

The acquisition of phototrophy: adaptive strategies of hosting endosymbionts and organelles

2010

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Many non-photosynthetic species of protists and metazoans are capable of hosting viable algal endosymbionts or their organelles through adaptations of phagocytic pathways. A form of mixotrophy, acquired phototrophy (AcPh) encompasses a sweet of endosymbiotic and organelle retention interactions, that range from facultative to obligate. AcPh is a common phenomenon in aquatic ecosystems, with endosymbiotic associations generally more prevalent in nutrient poor environments, and organelle retention typically associated with more productive ones. All AcPhs benefit from enhanced growth due to access to photosynthetic products, however the degree of metabolic integration and dependency in the host varies widely. AcPhs are mixotrophic, using both heterotrophic and phototrophic carbon sources. AcPh is found in at least four of the major eukaryotic supergroups, and is the driving force in the evolution of secondary and tertiary plastid acquisitions. Mutualistic resource partitioning characterizes most algal endosymbiotic interactions, while organelle retention is a form of predation, characterized by nutrient flow (i.e. growth) in one direction. AcPh involves adaptations to recognize specific prey or endosymbionts and to house organelles or endosymbionts within the endomembrane system but free from digestion. In many cases, hosts depend upon AcPh for the production of essential nutrients, many of which remain obscure. The practice of AcPh has led to multiple independent secondary and tertiary plastid acquisition events among several eukaryote lineages, giving rise to the diverse array of algae found in modern aquatic ecosystems.This review highlights those AcPhs that are model research organisms for both metazoans and protists.Much of the basic biology of AcPhs remains enigmatic, particularly 1) which essential nutrients or factors make certain forms of AcPh obligatory, 2) how hosts regulate and manipulate endosymbionts or sequestered organelles, and 3) what genomic imprint, if any, AcPh leaves on non-photosynthetic host species.2

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“…However, ciliates also constitute an important component of freshwater pelagic ecosystems (e.g. Pace 1982;Finlay et al 1988). Recent work has recognized that generally small species (mostly ~30 pm) numerically dominate ciliate communities in most of the meso-to eutrophic lakes (Beaver and Crisman 1989;Miiller 1989) and that they can exploit a variety of food resources ranging from picoplankton (<2 pm) to nanophytoplankton (~2 to ~20 pm; Sherr et al 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciliategrazing on picoplankton in a eutrophic reservoir during the summer phytoplankton maximum: A study at the species and community level

Šimek

Bobková

Macek

et al. 1995

Limnology & Oceanography

195

151

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'In late summer 1993 an intensive study was carried out on protozoan grazing in the epilimnion and metalimnion of the eutrophic Rimov Reservoir in south Bohemia. On average, -70% of bacterial production was consumed by heterotrophic flagellates and -20% by ciliates. Ciliate numbers increased from 5 to 70 cells ml l over the 5-week study period. Ciliates ~30 pm in size were numerically dominant in both layers and included Halteria grandinella and Strobilidium hexakinetum (Oligotrichida), Cyrtolophosis mucicola (Cyrtolophosida), Cinetochilum margaritaceum (Scuticociliatida), Urotricha spp., and Coleps sp. (Prostomatida). Ciliate species-specific grazing rates on bacteria and picocyanobacteria were determined. The highest individual cell grazing rates, 4,200 bacteria and 560 picocyanobacteria cell-' h-l, were observed in Vorticella aquadulcis-complex. Oligotrichs ingested on average 360-2,130 bacteria and 76

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On the abundance and distribution of protozoa and their food in a productive freshwater pond

Cited by 158 publications

References 25 publications

Evidence for gammacerane as an indicator of water column stratification

Evidence for gammacerane as an indicator of water column stratification

The acquisition of phototrophy: adaptive strategies of hosting endosymbionts and organelles

Ciliategrazing on picoplankton in a eutrophic reservoir during the summer phytoplankton maximum: A study at the species and community level

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