“…Among the others, the large eddy simulation (LES) community has manifested interest in models involving such a kind of filtering procedure (see, e.g., Refs. [2,7,12,[14][15][16][17][18]55]) and, in particular, the connection between anisotropic 𝛼-models and turbulence has been investigated by Berselli in Ref. [9] for the 3D Navier-Stokes equations, even if, in fact, the first use of anisotropic filters in turbulence dates back to the approach of Germano [29] (see also Refs.…”