The goal of "Carbon peaks & Carbon neutrality" is not only the requirement of ecological civilization construction, but also a clear requirement for high-quality economic development. In order to achieve the goal of "Carbon peaks & Carbon neutrality", China is facing the simultaneous transformation and upgrading of economic structure and energy structure. With the advance of China's modernization, the power grid will continue to play the role of "bridge" and "link", and China's future distribution network will become the key to development. Building a smart distribution network is the demand of building a new power network, and also the requirement of transformation and upgrading to the energy Internet. This paper analyzed the main driving factors and paths of distribution network evolution and development in developed countries, put forward the functional orientation and main characteristics of China's future smart distribution network development based on the main needs of regional economic development, rural revitalization, Carbon peaks & Carbon neutrality and new power network in China's future distribution network development, and designed the index system of future smart distribution network based on its main characteristics, so as to guide the future development direction of distribution network.