On the effect of testing uncertainties in the homologation tests of motorcycle helmets according to ECE 22.05

Pratellesi, A.; Turrin, Simone; Haag, Thomas; Scippa, Antonio; Baldanzini, Niccolò

doi:10.1080/13588265.2011.611397

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Regarding the energy-absorbing liners, there is no substantial difference between the different types of helmets. Helmet standards are also similar, with similar impact test configurations and energies [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Helmet Design Based on the Optimization of Biocomposite Energy-Absorbing Liners under Multi-Impact Loading

et al. 2019

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Cellular materials have been used in many applications such as insulation, packaging, and protective gear. Expanded polystyrene has been widely used as energy-absorbing liner in helmets due to its excellent cost-benefit relation. This synthetic material can absorb reasonable amounts of energy via permanent deformation. However, in real-world accidents, helmets may be subjected to multi-impact scenarios. Additionally, oil-derived plastic is presently a major source of societal concern regarding pollution and waste. As a sustainable alternative, cork is a natural cellular material with great crashworthiness properties and it has the remarkable capacity to recover after compression, due to its viscoelastic behavior, which is a desired characteristic in multi-impact applications. Therefore, the main goal is to analyze the applicability of agglomerated cork as padding material in safety helmets. First, a finite element model of a motorcycle helmet available on the market was developed to assess its safety performance and to establish a direct comparison between expanded polystyrene and cork agglomerates as liners. Secondly, a new helmet model with a generic geometry was developed to assess the applicability of agglomerated cork as liner for different types of helmets, based on the head injury risk predictions by the finite element head model, YEt Another Head Model (YEAHM), developed by the authors. Several versions of helmet liners were created by varying its thickness and removing sections of material. In other words, this generic helmet was optimized by carrying out a parametric study, and by comparing its performance under double impacts. The results from these tests indicate that agglomerated cork liners are an excellent alternative to the synthetic ones. Thus, agglomerated cork can be employed in protective gear, improving its overall performance and capacity to withstand multi-impacts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Helmet Design Based on the Optimization of Biocomposite Energy-Absorbing Liners under Multi-Impact Loading

et al. 2019

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“…One impact point was selected for this study: the "forehead" of the helmet. The calculations were carried out with a finite element model of the helmet developed at Università degli Studi di Firenze [38] on the LS-DYNA explicit solver. The impact test is calculated for 29.9 ms and the outputs are written every 0.1 ms.…”

Section: Helmet Impact Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random dynamical system in time domain: A POD-PC model

Jacquelin

Baldanzini

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2019

Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing

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Propagating uncertainties through mechanical systems has been widely studied for the last thirty years. In particular metamodels based on polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) have been successfully developed in the context of both intrusive and non-intrusive methods.However, modelling random dynamical systems is much more challenging and requires increasing computational resources when the time integration becomes longer. Therefore separating the time aspect of the dynamical response and the random contributions is an appealing approach, which has been used in this paper. Thus, a non-intrusive method is proposed by associating a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and a PCE. The POD-PC model was applied on three examples. On two examples, the method was very efficient not only in calculating the first two statistical moments, but also in estimating the responses corresponding to several samples of the random parameters. As to the last example, the Kraichnan-Orszag three-mode problem, the model was able to estimate well the evolution of the first two statistical moments for the first part of the time duration, but a noticeable discrepancy occurred for the remaining part. It seems that the model is more appropriate to estimate the transient response of a random dynamical system than the steady-state response.

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“…The simulations provided results contained within the limits prescribed by the regulation. In the same way the Economic Community of Europe (ECE) 22.05 [12] standard was used to calibrate the helmet FE model (about 9000 elements) [34].…”

Section: MC Ov Dummy and Helmetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of an FE model for motorcycle–car crash test simulations

Barbani

Baldanzini

Pierini

2014

International Journal of Crashworthiness

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In the development process of new solutions for rider protection, finite element (FE) simulations of motorcycle to car crashes represent a way to reduce costs and time. This paper focuses on the development and validation of an FE virtual environment for complete crash test scenarios and its use to evaluate the head and neck injuries. Models are validated through comparison of numerical and experimental data and, aiming at performing quantitative analyses, a new approach (named injury rating) for injury evaluation is proposed. The virtual environment is applied, as test case, to the simulation of eight crash scenarios selected from the ISO 13232 standard. The results are presented and discussed to demonstrate the potentialities of the approach in designing new rider protective devices.

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On the effect of testing uncertainties in the homologation tests of motorcycle helmets according to ECE 22.05

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Helmet Design Based on the Optimization of Biocomposite Energy-Absorbing Liners under Multi-Impact Loading

Helmet Design Based on the Optimization of Biocomposite Energy-Absorbing Liners under Multi-Impact Loading

Random dynamical system in time domain: A POD-PC model

Development and validation of an FE model for motorcycle–car crash test simulations

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