On the Electroencephalogram in the Unilateral Optic Enucleated Chick

Tarao, Makoto; Ookawa, Takanori

doi:10.3382/ps.0481516

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…117 USWS has been recorded in unilaterally and bilaterally blinded chickens. 85 , 118 USWS has been recorded in gulls kept in complete darkness. 62 Furthermore, eye opening during an episode of USWS in dolphins is mainly, but not always, correlated with the awakening of the contralateral hemisphere.…”

Section: Unihemispheric Sleep and Neural And Neurochemical Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unihemispheric sleep and asymmetrical sleep: behavioral, neurophysiological, and functional perspectives

Mascetti

2016

NSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sleep is a behavior characterized by a typical body posture, both eyes’ closure, raised sensory threshold, distinctive electrographic signs, and a marked decrease of motor activity. In addition, sleep is a periodically necessary behavior and therefore, in the majority of animals, it involves the whole brain and body. However, certain marine mammals and species of birds show a different sleep behavior, in which one cerebral hemisphere sleeps while the other is awake. In dolphins, eared seals, and manatees, unihemispheric sleep allows them to have the benefits of sleep, breathing, thermoregulation, and vigilance. In birds, antipredation vigilance is the main function of unihemispheric sleep, but in domestic chicks, it is also associated with brain lateralization or dominance in the control of behavior. Compared to bihemispheric sleep, unihemispheric sleep would mean a reduction of the time spent sleeping and of the associated recovery processes. However, the behavior and health of aquatic mammals and birds does not seem at all impaired by the reduction of sleep. The neural mechanisms of unihemispheric sleep are unknown, but assuming that the neural structures involved in sleep in cetaceans, seals, and birds are similar to those of terrestrial mammals, it is suggested that they involve the interaction of structures of the hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and brain stem. The neural mechanisms promoting wakefulness dominate one side of the brain, while those promoting sleep predominates the other side. For cetaceans, unihemispheric sleep is the only way to sleep, while in seals and birds, unihemispheric sleep events are intermingled with bihemispheric and rapid eye movement sleep events. Electroencephalogram hemispheric asymmetries are also reported during bihemispheric sleep, at awakening, and at sleep onset, as well as being associated with a use-dependent process (local sleep).

show abstract

Section: Unihemispheric Sleep and Neural And Neurochemical Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unihemispheric sleep and asymmetrical sleep: behavioral, neurophysiological, and functional perspectives

Mascetti

2016

NSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The EEG arousal response to a pure tone stimuli has been shown to exist in the newly hatched chick (Ookawa and Takagi, 1968). This phenomenon could be readily observed in one eye enucleated chicks (Tarao and Ookawa, 1969). This phenomenon could be readily observed in one eye enucleated chicks (Tarao and Ookawa, 1969).…”

Section: R Ecent Investigations Upon the Elec-mentioning

confidence: 90%

Avian Wakefulness and Sleep on the Basis of Recent Electroencephalographic Observations

Ookawa

1972

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This phenomenon could be readily observed in one eye of enucleated chicks (Tarao and Ookawa, 1969). This may re¯ect the anatomical ®nding that avian optic ®bres undergo a complete decussation (Perlia, 1889;Kappers et al, 1960;Cowan et al, 1961).…”

Section: Unihemispheric Sleepmentioning

confidence: 93%

The electroencephalogram and sleep in the domestic chicken

Ookawa¹

2004

Avian & Poul. Biolog. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent electroencephalographic studies on the surface and subsurface of the chicken striatum confirmed that there is a marked correlation between the electroencephalogram (the EEG) and behavioural states of the chicken during wakefulness and sleep. An asymmetrical EEG pattern was recorded from the surface and subsurface of the chicken telencephalon. The chicken EEG changes are essentially similar to those of mammals, though the sleep spindles observed in mammalian neo-cortex are lacking in the chicken cerebrum. Birds exhibit a unique behavioural and electro-physiological state called unihemispheric sleep' in which one cerebral hemisphere is awake and the other is sleep. This finding identified electroencephalographically that the optic nervous fibres undergo a complete dicussation in birds. Chicks blinded by bilateral optic enucleation retain the ability to develop normal growth. The EEG associated with sleep was characterised by high amplitude and slow waves, and by low voltage fast waves, that is, paradoxical sleep in blinded chickens. During wakefulness, the EEG of blinded chickens shows the arousal pattern. The classification of stages from wakefulness to sleep has not yet been fully established in the birds.

show abstract

On the Electroencephalogram in the Unilateral Optic Enucleated Chick

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Unihemispheric sleep and asymmetrical sleep: behavioral, neurophysiological, and functional perspectives

Unihemispheric sleep and asymmetrical sleep: behavioral, neurophysiological, and functional perspectives

Avian Wakefulness and Sleep on the Basis of Recent Electroencephalographic Observations

The electroencephalogram and sleep in the domestic chicken

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About