On the K and KG fading channels

Abstract

In this paper, the composite Rayleigh-Gamma and Nakagami-Gamma distributions are considered. Multipath short-term fading and long-term fading (shadowing) affect wireless channels. A composite fading model was proposed for the modeling of shadowed channels, which resulted in a closed form solution for the probability density function (pdf). These composite Rayleigh-Gamma and Nakagami-Gamma are well-known as the K-distribution and KG-distribution, and are applied to cases where both micro- and macro-diversity schemes are implemented to mitigate short-term fading and shadowing, respectively. Thus, the composite pdf model offers significant improvement over approaches, which use lognormal pdf for shadowing. The results demonstrate the simplicity and usefulness of the composite pdf in the performance analyses of shadowed fading channels

Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Over KG Fading Channels

“…The noise components are independent and uncorrelated from each other. Random variable (RV) r  denotes the phase and r y represents the fading amplitude of KG distribution having PDF taken from [1]      …”

“…where  and  are constant, and their values depend on binary modulation used in the system. For different binary modulations the values are given as: (  ,  ) = (1, 0.5) for BPSK, (  ,  ) = (0.5, 0.5) for BFSK, (  ,  ) = (1,1) for DBPSK , (  ,  ) = (0.5,1) for NCBFSK [4].…”

“…Accurate modelling of wireless channels significantly helps the design engineer to reduce this effect. Generalized-K (KG) combines Nakagami-m and Gamma distribution which accurately approximates Nakagami-lognormal distribution [1]. The particular case of K-distribution results in the KG fading model, and it also amalgamates the fading/shadowing phenomena in wireless communication channels.…”

Performance of M-MRC over Generalized-K Fading Channel based on Energy Harvesting Technique

“…The Generalized-K fading model describes the composite multipath/shadowing fading channels and the results obtained using this model is closely matched with the experimentally obtained results. KG fading model is the composite Nakagami-Gamma distribution which closely approximates Nakagami-Lognormal distribution [6]. It also includes the K-distribution as a special case, and incorporates most of the fading and shadowing effects in wireless communication channels.…”