On the problem of the spatial distribution delineation of the groundwater quality indicators via multivariate statistical and geostatistical approaches

Jalali, Mohammad; Karami, Shawgar; Marj, Ahmad Fatehi

doi:10.1007/s10661-019-7432-1

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, it is a challenge to evaluate the complex, highly dimensional groundwater hydrogeochemical datasets. Multivariate statistical approaches, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering are robust tools for groundwater resources management [17][18][19][20][21]. They have been successfully used to define and understand the hydrogeochemical processes that dominate groundwater quality and identify pollution sources [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Hydrogeochemical Processes and Assessment of Groundwater Quality, Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches and Water Quality Index in a Wastewater Irrigated Region

Celestino

Ramos-Leal

Cruz

et al. 2019

Water

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Groundwater quality and availability are essential for human consumption and social and economic activities in arid and semiarid regions. Many developing countries use wastewater for irrigation, which has in most cases led to groundwater pollution. The Mezquital Valley, a semiarid region in central Mexico, is the largest agricultural irrigation region in the world, and it has relied on wastewater from Mexico City for over 100 years. Limited research has been conducted on the impact of irrigation practices on groundwater quality on the Mezquital Valley. In this study, 31 drinking water wells were sampled. Groundwater quality was determined using the water quality index (WQI) for drinking purposes. The hydrogeochemical process and the spatial variability of groundwater quality were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering multivariate geostatistical tools. This study highlights the value of combining various approaches, such as multivariate geostatistical methods and WQI, for the identification of hydrogeochemical processes in the evolution of groundwater in a wastewater irrigated region. The PCA results revealed that salinization and pollution (wastewater irrigation and fertilizers) followed by geogenic sources (dissolution of carbonates) have a significant effect on groundwater quality. Groundwater quality evolution was grouped into cluster 1 and cluster 2, which were classified as unsuitable (low quality) and suitable (acceptable quality) for drinking purposes, respectively. Cluster 1 is located in wastewater irrigated zones, urban areas, and the surroundings of the Tula River. Cluster 2 locations are found in recharge zones, rural settlements, and seasonal agricultural fields. The results of this study strongly suggest that water management strategies that include a groundwater monitoring plan, as well as research-based wastewater irrigation regulations, in the Mezquital Valley are warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Hydrogeochemical Processes and Assessment of Groundwater Quality, Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches and Water Quality Index in a Wastewater Irrigated Region

Celestino

Ramos-Leal

Cruz

et al. 2019

Water

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“…The investigation of karstification processes in evaporitic formations has not received as much attention as karstification in carbonate rocks due to their poorer water quality in evaporitic media [15,105,106]. However, understanding the evolution of dissolution and karstification processes in these formations (much faster than in carbonate aquifers) is essential to avoid the collapse of structures and catastrophes [107,108].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Transport Model of Gypsum Karstification in Physically and Chemically Heterogeneous Fractured Media

et al. 2022

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Gypsum dissolution leads to the development of karstic features within much shorter timescales than in other sedimentary rocks, potentially leading to rapid deterioration of groundwater quality and increasing the risk of catastrophes caused by subsidence. Here, we present a 2-D reactive transport model to evaluate gypsum karstification in physically and chemically heterogeneous systems. The model considers a low-permeability rock matrix composed mainly of gypsum and a discontinuity (fracture), which acts as a preferential water pathway. Several scenarios are analyzed and simulated to investigate the relevance for gypsum karstification of: (1) the dynamic update of flow and transport parameters due to porosity changes; (2) the spatial distribution of minerals in the rock matrix; (3) the time evolution of water inflows through the boundaries of the model; (4) the functions relating permeability, k, to porosity, ϕ. The average porosity of the matrix after 1000 years of simulation increases from 0.045 to 0.29 when flow, transport, and chemical parameters and the water inflows through the boundary are dynamically updated according to the porosity changes. On the contrary, the porosity of the matrix hardly changes when the porosity feedback effect is not considered, while its average increases to 0.13 if the water inflow occurs through the discontinuity. Moreover, the dissolution of small amounts of highly soluble sulfate minerals plays a major role in the development of additional fractures. The increase in hydraulic conductivity is largest for the power law with an exponent of n = 5, as well as the Kozeny-Carman and the modified Fair-atch k-ϕ relationships. The gypsum dissolution front propagates into the matrix faster when the power law with n = 2 and 3 and the Verma–Pruess k-ϕ relationships are used.

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“…Geospatial technology also has been playing a critical role in identifying health-related environmental issues in soils in different complex settings including aquatic and coastal environments. Jalali et al (2019) examined different methods to assess groundwater quality of an aquifer in Iran. The authors highlighted the advantages of multivariate statistical and geostatistical methods to compile the hydrogeochemical properties of groundwater properties.…”

Section: Water and Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial technology in environmental health applications

Faruque

2019

Environ Monit Assess

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The associations of environmental factors with human health and well-being now can be more precisely analyzed than before. Several multidisciplinary achievements advanced our understanding of the continuum of Benvironment and health outcomes.^Investments in multidisciplinary initiatives led to the development of many new tools that can pinpoint environmental factors, human exposure, and health outcomes on a wide range of scales-from global to even an individual. As environmental factors and human interactions cannot be completely examined without accounting for their spatial components and relationships, the improvements in geospatial data quality, technology, and analytical tools are playing a critical role to advance our understanding of environmental factors affecting human health and well-being. However, at the same time, researchers must be aware of the limitations of spatial data and tools, while conducting their studies. This special issue covers a wide range of geospatial health-related topics and methods including the climate change, neglected tropical diseases, vector-borne diseases, smartphone technology, healthcare utilization, health disparities, air quality assessment, asthma, water quality assessment, antimicrobial resistance, and machine learning. After intense reviews and revisions, the following 23 papers were selected for publication. While in many instances, the topics and methodologies of the papers significantly overlap, a brief discussion about the papers is provided below under loosely aggregated categorizations. Research topics Climate Extreme weather and related phenomena appear to be rising in frequency and intensity which pose growing health risks to human populations. Liss and Naumova (2019) conducted spatio-temporal analyses to examine the association between hospitalizations due to heat stroke in older adults in the United States with respect to heatwave sequence, time of arrival, and regional climate. Analyzing 16 years of daily hospitalization records, the authors found substantial differences in heat-related hospitalizations and response to heatwaves in different climate regions of the USA. As heatwaves are one of the major manifestations of the growing events of extreme weather, the authors suggested that the findings of this study could be useful for prevention as well as for decision support framework for heat-related medical care, which would be more essentials in the coming years. Wrable and her colleagues (Wrable et al. 2019) analyzed 8 years of monthly reported schistosomiasis to

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On the problem of the spatial distribution delineation of the groundwater quality indicators via multivariate statistical and geostatistical approaches

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Identification of the Hydrogeochemical Processes and Assessment of Groundwater Quality, Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches and Water Quality Index in a Wastewater Irrigated Region

Identification of the Hydrogeochemical Processes and Assessment of Groundwater Quality, Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches and Water Quality Index in a Wastewater Irrigated Region

Reactive Transport Model of Gypsum Karstification in Physically and Chemically Heterogeneous Fractured Media

Geospatial technology in environmental health applications

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