On the Relationship Between the Electromagnetic Burst and Inductive Sensor Measurement of a Pulsed Plasma Accelerator

Orellana, Luis; Ardila-Rey, Jorge Alfredo; Avaria, Gonzalo; Díaz, M.; Pavez, Cristian; Schurch, Roger; Soto, Leopoldo

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2941466

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Remote and non-invasive diagnostic of the plasma focus using antennas was developed in references [238][239][240]. Three different kinds of antennas tuned in the ultra high frequency range are used: monopole, vivaldi, and helical.…”

Section: Uhf Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Auluck

Kubeš

Paduch

et al. 2021

Plasma

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This paper is a sequel to the 1998 review paper “Scientific status of the Dense Plasma Focus” with 16 authors belonging to 16 nations, whose initiative led to the establishment of the International Center for Dense Magnetized Plasmas (ICDMP) in the year 2000. Its focus is on understanding the principal defining characteristic features of the plasma focus in the light of the developments that have taken place in the last 20 years, in terms of new facilities, diagnostics, models, and insights. Although it is too soon to proclaim with certainty what the plasma focus phenomenon is, the results available to date conclusively indicate what it is demonstrably not. The review looks at the experimental data, cross-correlated across multiple diagnostics and multiple devices, to delineate the contours of an emerging narrative that is fascinatingly different from the standard narrative, which has guided the consensus in the plasma focus community for several decades, without invalidating it. It raises a question mark over the Fundamental Premise of Controlled Fusion Research, namely, that any fusion reaction having the character of a beam-target process must necessarily be more inefficient than a thermonuclear process with a confined thermal plasma at a suitably high temperature. Open questions that need attention of researchers are highlighted. A future course of action is suggested that individual plasma focus laboratories could adopt in order to positively influence the future growth of research in this field, to the general benefit of not only the controlled fusion research community but also the world at large.

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Section: Uhf Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Auluck

Kubeš

Paduch

et al. 2021

Plasma

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“…As described in [31], [34], [49], the high frequency oscillations, frequently labeled as electromagnetic noise, carry information of the discharge process. Note that the ILS being not shielded can record a mix of inductive measurement and radiated components from the circuit [33], and also an inference could be carried out. It is highlighted that both ILS and Vivaldi have no direct connection to the device in comparison to the voltage divider and Rogowski coils, so the fact that a remote/non invasive diagnostic can be applied to diagnose a plasma focus represents an opportunity in small devices where the size restriction imposes a challenge to build sensors fast enough to measure the transients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical electrical diagnostics of plasma focus discharges were used: a Rogowski coil wrapped around one return connection from the electrodes (inside the chamber) to one capacitor and a compact voltage divider between anode and ground (close to the discharge region). The electromagnetic burst from the discharge was measured with a Vivaldi antenna [33]- [35]. In addition, an inductive loop sensor (ILS) was also used to measure the dI /dt of the circuit current.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antenna signals parameters correlations are typically used in the form of time or frequency domain parameters. In this work, the signal energy parameter was calculated for both main transients that can be associated with the gas breakdown E b and the pinch effect E p [33]. Moreover, the frequency information was included, in a separate analysis instead of the signal energy parameters, in the form of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation from the pinch transient as it was used in [33].…”

Section: B Characteristic Plasma Focus Parameter Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EM burst diagnostic has been used either inside or outside the chamber [29]- [32]. Recently, the EM burst measurement has been correlated with the inductive measurement [33] and with the X rays detection using a scintillator-photomultiplier (PMT) system [34]. From these two works, the Vivaldi antenna, originally designed to measure the fast EM emission of partial discharges [35], has shown promising results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inference of X-Ray Emission From a Plasma Focus Discharge: Comparison Between Characteristic Parameters and Neural Network Analyses

et al. 2020

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Pulsed plasma discharges, such as the plasma focus, are a source of pulsed X rays, therefore it is desirable to understand the relationship between this fast transient phenomena and the electrical variables of the discharge. Parameters from the electrical diagnostic signals are typically used to characterize the plasma focus discharge and for the correlations with X rays measurements via scatter plots. To further evaluate relevant information in the electrical signals, besides the characteristic parameters, an implementation of different types of machine learning algorithms, that included deep learning, was performed. A classification of pulses associated with an X rays measurement, in terms of the electrical signals data as input, was carried out. Two approaches were compared: the selection of the characteristic parameters and the use of the entire signals so the algorithms could find additional information for the classification task. The electrical diagnostic signals corresponded to: the voltage at the electrodes of the discharge chamber measured with a resistive voltage divider; time variation of the circuit current measured with a Rogowski coil and an inductive loop sensor; and the electromagnetic burst from the circuit measured with a Vivaldi antenna. The X rays measurement corresponded to the signal obtained from a scintillator-photomultiplier. In terms of the performance of the algorithms models in this classification problem, the results indicated that there is no significative improvements when using the entire signal or the selection of characteristic parameters. The best results were obtained when the following parameters were used: voltage at time of gas breakdown, voltage at time of pinch, current at time of pinch, time derivative of current at time of pinch, time from breakdown to pinch, and the Fast Fourier Transform of the part of the Vivaldi antenna signal related to the pinch event.

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