On the Speciation and Karyotypes in Diploid and Tetraploid Species of &lt;i&gt;Chrysanthemum&lt;/i&gt;

Tanaka, Ryutaro

doi:10.1508/cytologia.25.43

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The species has been counted chromosomally for the first time from India. Besides, the present study adds a new cytotype (8x) to the already reported 4x (Dowrick 1952, Tanaka 1959, Byung-yun et al 1996 and 6x (Kaneko 1957) cytotypes from outside of India.…”

Section: Dandranthema Boreale (Makino) Ling Ex Kitamuramentioning

confidence: 52%

Cytomorphological Diversity in Some Members of Family Asteraceae from the Ecologically Disturbed Habitats of Solang Valley, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh

Kaur

Singhal

2015

CYTOLOGIA

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Summary Present cytomorphological surveys include meiotic studies and chromosome counts in 42 species under 93 accessions collected from the various localities of Solang Valley in Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh at different altitudes ranging from 2,400 to 3,100 m. Artemisia salsaloides (n=10), Dandranthema boreale (n=36), Ligularia fischeri (n=30) and Tussilago farfara (n=12) are recorded as the first ever chromosomal counts from India. Additional/variable cytotypes are recorded in Anaphalis nepalensis (2n=6x=42), A. triplinervis (2n=6x=42), Artemisia nilagirica (2n=4x=36; 2n=6x=54), Artemisia salsoloides (n=10), Brachyactis pubescens (2n=4x=36), Dandranthema boreale (2n=8x=72), Taraxacum officinale (2n=8x=64) and Tussilago farfara (2n=2x=24). Intraspecific polyploid cytotypes are reported in Anaphalis nepalensis (4x, 6x), Artemisia nilagirica (4x, 6x) and Taraxacum officinale (2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, 6x) from the valley. Existence of B-chromosome has been reported in Cnicus wallichii (2n=34+0-1B) which is the first ever record for the species at world level.

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Section: Dandranthema Boreale (Makino) Ling Ex Kitamuramentioning

confidence: 52%

Cytomorphological Diversity in Some Members of Family Asteraceae from the Ecologically Disturbed Habitats of Solang Valley, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh

Kaur

Singhal

2015

CYTOLOGIA

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“…To test this, we investigated chromosome behaviour during PMC meiosis in diploid individuals of C. zawadskii, C. indicum and C. boreale. The diploid species C. boreale and C. makinoi Matsum & Nakai always form nine bivalents at the metaphase I of PMCs (Tanaka 1959a, 1959b, Tanaka and Shimotomai 1961. Any chromosomal rearrangements that did occur should be revealed in unusual chromosome pairings in late prophase I and metaphase I (Stebbins 1971, Levin 2002.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Meiotic Chromosome Behaviour in Diploid Individuals of Chrysanthemum zawadskii and Related Species (Asteraceae): Evidence for Chromosome Rearrangements

2008

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Summary Diploid individuals (2nϭ18) of Chrysanthemum zawadskii, C. indicum and C. boreale, two or all three of which often occur together in the wild in East Asia, have diverse metaphase karyotypes. We hypothesised that the diverse karyotypes result from chromosome rearrangements. To test this, we investigated chromosomal behaviour during pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis and pollen fertility, using 33 individuals collected from seven populations in Korea. All individuals contained one or two multivalents (mostly quadrivalents) at late prophase I and metaphase I in some PMCs (approximately 17-37%), and at least one or two bivalents composed of homologous chromosomes of different length and centromere position in all PMCs. This meiotic chromosomal behaviour indicates that chromosome rearrangements, i.e., reciprocal translocation and unequal crossing-over, are prevalent in Chrysanthemum species. Nevertheless, because of successful chromosome segregation in anaphase I and II, they produce ample stainable pollen with different chromosome complements. Fertilization by such gametes should result in diverse somatic karyotypes. We also discuss the possibility that older or relatively recent hybridization events have led to a high rate of irregular meiotic chromosome behaviours and pollen sterility, particularly in C. indicum.

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“…Orcein staining The aceto-orcein squash method modified by Tanaka (1960) was applied: Root tips were pretreated in 0.002 M 8-hydroxyquinoline at about 18˚C for 2 h and fixed in 45% acetic acid for 10 min. Then, they were macerated in a mixture of 1 N HCl and 45% acetic acid (2:1) at 60˚C for 15 sec, stained in 2% aceto-orcein for 20-30 min and squashed.…”

Section: Plant Materials Chrysanthemum Shiwogikumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species were investigated their chromosome complements and their expected natural hybrids and species-relationships as early as the starting of the 20th century by Tahara (1915). Natural interspecific hybrids were reported between the Japanese polyploids in the sympatric areas (Tanaka 1960) as well as the Chinese polyploids . Artificial cross hybridization between Japanese, Chinese and Japanese-Chinese species could be produced for research and breeding studies (eg., Watanabe 1977;Fruta et al 2004;Abd El-Twab and Kondo 2007a, b, 2008, 2009.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hybridity and relationship between Chrysanthemum shiwogiku Kitam. and C. vestitum (Hemsl.) Stapf.

El-Twab

Kondo

2009

Chromosome Botany

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ABSTRACT. Artificial crosses between the Japanese, octoploid Chrysanthemum shiwogiku Kitamura and Chinese, hexaploid C. vestitum (both Asteraceae-Anthemideae) produced 48 hybrids out of 181 germinated plants grown up to the mature stage. The hybrids showed more or less intermediate in morphological character between the two parents and somewhat more close to C. vestitum in white-color ligule flowers inherited. The chromosome numbers in 19 out of 48 hybrids studied varied from 2n=63 to 81 with various aneuploids and some individuals showed very small-sized chromosomes perhaps due to B-chromosomes of which undetected parentage had produced. The hybrid plants might be able to produce back-cross progenies after hybridization with C. vestitum as a paternal parents, as well as could hybridize with sister plants of the F 1 hybrids as ovule and pollen donors.

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On the Speciation and Karyotypes in Diploid and Tetraploid Species of <i>Chrysanthemum</i>

Cited by 42 publications

References 2 publications

Cytomorphological Diversity in Some Members of Family Asteraceae from the Ecologically Disturbed Habitats of Solang Valley, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh

Cytomorphological Diversity in Some Members of Family Asteraceae from the Ecologically Disturbed Habitats of Solang Valley, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh

Analysis of Meiotic Chromosome Behaviour in Diploid Individuals of Chrysanthemum zawadskii and Related Species (Asteraceae): Evidence for Chromosome Rearrangements

Hybridity and relationship between Chrysanthemum shiwogiku Kitam. and C. vestitum (Hemsl.) Stapf.

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