One-dimensional surface-plasmon gratings for the excitation of intersubband polaritons in suspended membranes

Degl’Innocenti, Riccardo; Zanotto, Simone; Tredicucci, Alessandro; Biasiol, G.; Sorba, L.

doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2011.09.002

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The sample consists of a semiconductor membrane which has been structured as a photonic crystal slab resonator ( Fig. 2 (b)); it embeds a multi-quantum well (MQW) heterostructure whose quantum design results in a single intersubband transition resonant with the photonic crystal mode, and hence in intersubband polariton states [30]. In detail, we employed a stack of 50…”

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confidence: 99%

“…the optical cavity resonance, in order to match ω 0 , via a rigorous coupled wave analysis simulation (RCWA). In this simulation, the QWs are considered to be inactive, by setting to zero the charge density in the wells [30]. Meanwhile, from the width of the transmittance peak, the photonic cavity lifetime is retrieved (γ c = γ r + γ nr = 3 meV).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The CPA setup is sketched in Fig. 2 and hence in intersubband polariton states [30]. In detail, we employed a stack of 50…”

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Perfect energy-feeding into strongly coupled systems and interferometric control of polariton absorption

et al. 2014

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The ability to feed energy into a system, or -equivalently -to drive that system with an external input is a fundamental aspect of light-matter interaction. The key concept in many photonic applications is the "critical coupling" condition [1,2]: at criticality, all the energy fed to the system via an input channel is dissipated within the system itself. Although this idea was crucial to enhance the efficiency of many devices, it was never considered in the context of systems operating in a non-perturbative regime. In this so-called strong coupling regime, the matter and light degrees of freedom are in fact mixed into dressed states, leading to new eigenstates called polaritons [3-10].Here we demonstrate that the strong coupling regime and the critical coupling condition can indeed coexist; in this situation, which we term strong critical coupling, all the incoming energy is converted into polaritons. A semiclassical theory -equivalently applicable to acoustics or mechanics -reveals that the strong critical coupling corresponds to a special curve in the phase diagram of the coupled light-matter oscillators. In the more general case of a system radiating via two scattering ports, the phenomenology displayed is that of coherent perfect absorption (CPA) [11,12], which is then naturally understood and described in the framework of critical coupling. Most importantly, we experimentally verify polaritonic CPA in a semiconductor-based intersubband-polariton photonic-crystal membrane resonator.This result opens new avenues in the exploration of polariton physics, making it possible to control the pumping efficiency of a system almost independently of its Rabi energy, i.e., of the energy exchange rate between the electromagnetic field and the material transition.

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Perfect energy-feeding into strongly coupled systems and interferometric control of polariton absorption

et al. 2014

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“…11 The splitting of the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) resonance in the perforated gold film and the plasmonic microcavity has also been reported in the transmission or reflection schemes. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Transmission/reflection measurements are in the far-field regime, from which the near-field characteristics can be explored.…”

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confidence: 99%

Angular dependence of optical modes in metal-insulator-metal coupled quantum well infrared photodetector

Jing

et al. 2016

AIP Advances

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We report the dependence of the near-field optical modes in metal-insulator-metal quantum well infrared photodetector (MIM-QWIP) on the incident angles. Three optical modes are observed and attributed to the 2nd- and the 3rd-order surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes and the localized surface polariton (LSP) mode. In addition to the observation of a responsivity enhancement of 14 times by the LSP mode, the varying pattern of the three modes against the incident angle are revealed, in which the LSP mode is fixed while the 2nd SPP mode splits into two branches and the 3rd SPP mode red-shifts. The detailed mechanisms are analyzed and numerically simulated. The results fit the experiments very well, demonstrating the wavevector coupling effect between the incident light and the metal gratings on the SPP modes. Our work will pave the way to fully understanding the influence of incident angles on a detector’s response for applying the MIM-QWIP to focal plane arrays.

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“…The sample consists of a semiconductor membrane which has been structured as a photonic crystal slab resonator ( Fig. 6(b)); it embeds a multiquantum well (MQW) heterostructure whose quantum design results in a single intersubband transition resonant with the photonic crystal mode, and hence in intersubband polariton states [DeglInnocenti et al (2011)]. In detail, a stack of 50 Al.33Ga.67As/GaAs QWs was employed, grown by molecular beam epitaxy, with barrier and well thicknesses of 30 nm and 8.3 nm, respectively, and a nominal sheet doping n = 5·10 11 cm −2 in the well material.…”

Section: Full Interferometric Control Of Absorption In Polaritonic Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent perfect absorption in photonic structures

Baldacci

Zanotto²,

Tredicucci

2015

Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei

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The ability to drive a system with an external input is a fundamental aspect of light-matter interaction. The coherent perfect absorption (CPA) phenomenon extends to the general multibeam interference phenomenology the well-known critical coupling concepts (Haus in Waves and fields in optoelectronics. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1984; Yariv and Yeh in Optical Electronics in Modern Communication. Oxford University Press, New York, 2007). The latter detail the conditions under which the energy of the input field is fed in full to the absorbing element. In a multi-port system, the relative phase of the incoming fields can yield the ultimate control of the absorption, from CPA to complete transparency (coherent perfect transparency, CPT), and also beyond, in amplifying regimes, to laser threshold control (Longhi in Phys Rev A 82:031801, 2010; Sun et al. in Phys Rev Lett 112:143903, 2014). This interferometric control of absorption can be employed to reach perfect energy feeding into nanoscale systems such as plasmonic nanoparticles (Noh et al. in Phys Rev Lett 108(18):186805, 2012), and multi-port interference can be used to enhance the absorption when they are embedded in a strongly scattering system (Chong and Stone in Phys Rev Lett 107(16):163901, 2011), with potential applications to nanoscale sensing. Here we review the two-port CPA in reference to photonic structures which can resonantly couple to the external fields. A revised two-port theory of CPA is illustrated, which relies on the Scattering Matrix formalism and is valid for all linear two-port systems with reciprocity. Through a semiclassical approach, treating two-port critical coupling conditions in a non-perturbative regime, it is demonstrated that the strong-coupling regime and the critical coupling condition can indeed coexist; in this situation, termed strong critical coupling (Zanotto et al. in Nature Phys 10(11):830-834, 2014), all the incoming energy is converted into polaritons. Experimental results are presented, which clearly display the elliptical trace of absorption as function of input unbalance in a thin metallo-dielectric metamaterial, and verify polaritonic CPA in an intersubband polariton photonic crystal membrane resonator. Concluding remarks discuss the future perspectives of CPA with photonic structures

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One-dimensional surface-plasmon gratings for the excitation of intersubband polaritons in suspended membranes

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Perfect energy-feeding into strongly coupled systems and interferometric control of polariton absorption

Perfect energy-feeding into strongly coupled systems and interferometric control of polariton absorption

Angular dependence of optical modes in metal-insulator-metal coupled quantum well infrared photodetector

Coherent perfect absorption in photonic structures

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