Onion Variety Response to Iris Yellow Spot Virus

Shock, Clinton C.; Feibert, Erik B.G.; Jensen, L. A.; Mohan, S. K.; Saunders, Lamont D.

doi:10.21273/horttech.18.3.539

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…One of the major impacts of IYSV on onion bulb yields is downgrading of bulb size, rather than a decrease in the number of bulbs ( 11,16,47). Onion bulbs that are misshapen, rotten, or too small to be marketable are removed during the grading process and disposed of in cull piles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Iris yellow spot virus in New York

Hsu

Hoepting

Fuchs³

et al. 2011

Plant Disease

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Hsu, C. L., Hoepting. C. A., Fuchs, M., Smith, E. A., and Nault, B. A. 2011. Sources of/ri5 .ye//oM.c/)öM'iV«.s in New York. Plant Dis. 95:735-743. Iris yellow spot virus (lYSV) has been found consistently in commercial dry bulb onion fields throughout New York State since 2006. Yearly recurrence of lYSV may result from annual reintroductions of the virus or persistence of the virus in overwintering host plants. To identify potential sources of IYSV, we surveyed onion transplants imported into New York as well as volunteer onion plants and weeds using a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IYSV was not found in any of 1,097 transplant samples tested in 2007 but 4 of 760 (0.53%) u-ansplant samples tested positive in 2008.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Iris yellow spot virus in New York

Hsu

Hoepting

Fuchs³

et al. 2011

Plant Disease

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“…Multani et al (2009) identified several entries, NMSU 03-52-1, NMSU 04-41, NMSU 04-44-1, and 'NuMex Jose Fernandez', that expressed fewer IYS symptoms than other entries. Shock et al (2008) found that 'Joaquin', 'Charismatic', and 'Affirmed' expressed some of the lowest IYSV ratings over a 2-year period. Schwartz et al (2005) reported significant differences for IYSV incidence among onion cultivars when IYSV incidence ranged from 16% to 100% in 2003100% in and 13% to 61% in 2004100% in .…”

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confidence: 88%

Evaluating Winter-sown Onion Entries for Iris yellow spot virus Susceptibility

Mohseni-Moghadam¹,

Cramer²,

Steiner³

et al. 2011

horts

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Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) causes a foliar disease in onion (Allium cepa L.) that results in a reduction in bulb size. Currently, no IYSV-tolerant or -resistant cultivar exists and a genetic source for tolerance or resistance has not been identified. Because other disease control methods are limited, host plant resistance offers the best hope to combat this disease. In this study, 13 winter-sown onion entries were screened for iris yellow spot (IYS) symptoms during the 2007 and 2008 cropping seasons. Twenty plants from each plot were observed and rated weekly during the growing seasons for straw-colored, necrotic lesions, typical of IYSV infection. Collected plant samples were assayed for IYSV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Visual rating was done using a scale of 1 to 9 with 1 representing no symptomatic tissue and 9 representing more than 50% tissue damage. Two different plant sampling methods were used in disease rating to determine their effect on mean severity and to correlate disease severity with absorbance values. Of the entries tested, plants of NMSU 05-33-1 exhibited a delay in symptom expression and lower IYSV levels relative to plants of other entries. Plants of ‘Denali’ and ‘Gelma’ appeared to be more susceptible to IYSV than plants of other entries. Plant selection within the plot over time did not influence disease rating values. When the same plants were rated and sampled for IYSV using ELISA, there was a strong, positive correlation between rating and absorbance values.

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“…Onion thrips is an important insect pest of onion causing direct damage to leaves and stored bulbs (Alston and Drost, 2008), reduced bulb and seed yields (Elmore, 1949;Jones et al, 1934), and transmission of serious pathogens such as iris yellow spot virus (Gent et al, 2004;Shock et al, 2008). Effective control of onion thrips necessitates frequent insecticide applications (Alston and Drost, 2008) with the unfortunate result of increased resistance to commonly used chemicals (Allen et al, 2005;Herron et al, 2008;Shelton et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Variation for Epicuticular Waxes on Onion Foliage and Impacts on Numbers of Onion Thrips

Damon

Groves

Havey

2014

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Allium cepa, GC/MS, SEM, Thrips tabaci ABSTRACT. Natural variation exists in onion (Allium cepa L.) for amounts of epicuticular waxes on foliage, and plants with lower amounts of these waxes suffer less feeding damage from onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.). Wild-type onion possesses copious amounts of epicuticular waxes and is often referred to as ''waxy.'' The recessively inherited ''glossy'' phenotype has significantly less wax relative to waxy types and shows resistance to onion thrips but is vulnerable to spray damage, foliar pathogens, and excessive transpiration. Phenotypes visually intermediate between waxy and glossy also exist in onion, which we refer to as ''semiglossy.'' Epicuticular waxes on the leaves of glossy, semiglossy, and waxy onions were evaluated for appearance using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and amounts and types were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Wax crystals were clearly visible on the surface of waxy foliage with decreasing amounts on semiglossy and none on glossy leaves. The ketone hentriacontanone-16 was the most prevalent wax on leaves of waxy onion and was significantly (P < 0.01) less on semiglossy relative to waxy plants and on glossy relative to waxy and semiglossy plants. Numbers of adult and immature onion thrips were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) on glossy and/or semiglossy accessions relative to waxy in field and greenhouse cage experiments. These results indicate that semiglossy plants possess intermediate amounts of epicuticular waxes that may protect leaves from diseases or environmental stresses while still conferring resistance to onion thrips. Therefore, the semiglossy phenotype should be useful in integrated programs managing this important onion pest.

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Onion Variety Response to Iris Yellow Spot Virus

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Sources of Iris yellow spot virus in New York

Sources of Iris yellow spot virus in New York

Evaluating Winter-sown Onion Entries for Iris yellow spot virus Susceptibility

Variation for Epicuticular Waxes on Onion Foliage and Impacts on Numbers of Onion Thrips

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