Open access high-resolution 3D morphology models of cat, gerbil, rabbit, rat and human ossicular chains

Salih, Wasil H.M.; Buytaert, Jan A.N.; Aerts, Johan R.M.; Vanderniepen, Pieter; Dierick, Manuel; Dirckx, Joris J.J.

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2011.12.004

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Midway between the lateral process and the umbo, the manubrium separates slightly from the fibrous layer so that its only attachment is a fine fold of mucous membrane (Gulya and Schuknecht, 1995;Graham et al, 1978). This finding is confirmed by recent micro-CT measurements performed in our lab (Salih et al, 2011). Therefore, tympanic membrane motion was not constrained over the entire malleus handle connection, but only at the umbo and lateral process connections by means of a fully clamped boundary condition (see Fig.…”

Section: Finite Element Modelingsupporting

confidence: 78%

Mechanical properties of human tympanic membrane in the quasi-static regime from in situ point indentation measurements

2012

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Section: Finite Element Modelingsupporting

confidence: 78%

Mechanical properties of human tympanic membrane in the quasi-static regime from in situ point indentation measurements

2012

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“…Only one animal out of the five that we compared had somewhat smaller ossicles. Salih et al (2012) found a similarly small variability for three gerbils. ]…”

Section: Rigid-body Velocities In An Intrinsic Malleus-incus Referencmentioning

confidence: 84%

Three-Dimensional Vibration of the Malleus and Incus in the Living Gerbil

Decraemer

Rochefoucauld

Funnell

et al. 2014

JARO

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In previous studies, 3D motion of the middle-ear ossicles in cat and human was explored, but models for hearing research have shifted in the last few decades to smaller mammals, and gerbil, in particular, has become a popular hearing model. In the present study, we have measured with an optical interferometer the 3D motion of the malleus and incus in anesthetized gerbil for sound of moderate intensity (90-dB sound pressure level) over a broad frequency range. To access the ossicles, the pars flaccida was removed exposing the neck and head of the malleus and the incus from the malleus-incus joint to the plate of the lenticular process. Vibration measurements were done at six to eight points per ossicle while the angle of observation was varied over approximately 30°to enable calculation of the 3D rigid-body velocity components. These components were expressed in an intrinsic reference frame, with one axis along the anatomical suspension axis of the malleus-incus block and a second axis along the stapes piston direction. Another way of describing the motion that does not assume an a priori rotation axis is to calculate the instantaneous rotation axis (screw axis) of the malleus/incus motion. Only at frequencies below a few kilohertz did the screw axis have a maximum rotation in a direction close to that of the ligament axis. A slight slippage in the malleus-incus joint developed with increasing frequency. Our findings are useful in determining the sound transfer characteristics through the middle ear and serve as a reference for validation of mathematical middle-ear models. Last but not least, comparing our present results in gerbil with those of previously measured species (human and cat) exposes similarities and dissimilarities among them.

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“…The sensitivity analysis in this paper only considers the uncertainty in the material properties. Funnell and Decraemer (1996) showed that the TM shape also has a substantial effect on the responses, and the morphological variability of other components of the middle ear (e.g., Salih et al 2012) may also cause substantial differences in behaviour.…”

Section: Study Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite-Element Modelling of the Response of the Gerbil Middle Ear to Sound

Maftoon

Funnell

Daniel

et al. 2015

JARO

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We present a finite-element model of the gerbil middle ear that, using a set of baseline parameters based primarily on a priori estimates from the literature, generates responses that are comparable with responses we measured in vivo using multi-point vibrometry and with those measured by other groups. We investigated the similarity of numerous features (umbo, pars-flaccida and pars-tensa displacement magnitudes, the resonance frequency and break-up frequency, etc.) in the experimental responses with corresponding ones in the model responses, as opposed to simply computing frequency-by-frequency differences between experimental and model responses. The umbo response of the model is within the range of variability seen in the experimental data in terms of the low-frequency (i.e., well below the middle-ear resonance) magnitude and phase, the main resonance frequency and magnitude, and the roll-off slope and irregularities in the response above the resonance frequency, but is somewhat high for frequencies above the resonance frequency. At low frequencies, the ossicular axis of rotation of the model appears to correspond to the anatomical axis but the behaviour is more complex at high frequencies (i.e., above the pars-tensa break-up). The behaviour of the pars tensa in the model is similar to what is observed experimentally in terms of magnitudes, phases, the break-up frequency of the spatial vibration pattern, and the bandwidths of the high-frequency response features. A sensitivity analysis showed that the parameters that have the strongest effects on the model results are the Young's modulus, thickness and density of the pars tensa; the Young's modulus of the stapedial annular ligament; and the Young's modulus and density of the malleus. Displacements of the tympanic membrane and manubrium and the lowfrequency displacement of the stapes did not show large changes when the material properties of the incus, stapes, incudomallear joint, incudostapedial joint, and posterior incudal ligament were changed by ±10 % from their values in the baseline parameter set.

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Open access high-resolution 3D morphology models of cat, gerbil, rabbit, rat and human ossicular chains

Cited by 32 publications

References 41 publications

Mechanical properties of human tympanic membrane in the quasi-static regime from in situ point indentation measurements

Mechanical properties of human tympanic membrane in the quasi-static regime from in situ point indentation measurements

Three-Dimensional Vibration of the Malleus and Incus in the Living Gerbil

Finite-Element Modelling of the Response of the Gerbil Middle Ear to Sound

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